The wager, p.36
The Wager, page 36
Porter, Roy. Disease, Medicine, and Society in England, 1550–1860. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Purves, David Laing. The English Circumnavigators: The Most Remarkable Voyages Round the World. London: William P. Nimmo, 1874.
Rediker, Marcus. Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea: Merchant Seamen, Pirates and the Anglo-American Maritime World, 1700–1750. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Reece, Henry. The Army in Cromwellian England, 1649–1660. London: Oxford University Press, 2013.
Regulations and Instructions Relating to His Majesty’s Service at Sea. 2nd ed. London, 1734.
Reséndez, Andrés. The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America. Boston and New York: Mariner Books, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2017.
Reyes, Omar. The Settlement of the Chonos Archipelago, Western Patagonia, Chile. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2020.
Richmond, H. W. The Navy in the War of 1739–48. 3 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920
Robinson, William. Jack Nastyface: Memoirs of an English Seaman. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2002.
Rodger, N. A. M. Articles of War: The Statutes Which Governed Our Fighting Navies, 1661, 1749, and 1886. Homewell, Havant, Hampshire: Kenneth Mason, 1982.
———. The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, 1649–1815. New York: W. W. Norton, 2005.
———. “George, Lord Anson.” In Precursors of Nelson: British Admirals of the Eighteenth Century, edited by Peter Le Fevre and Richard Harding. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2000.
———. The Safeguard of the Sea: 660-1649. New York: W. W. Norton, 1999.
———. The Wooden World: An Anatomy of the Georgian Navy. New York: W. W. Norton, 1996.
Rogers, Nicholas. The Press Gang: Naval Impressment and Its Opponents in Georgian Britain. London: Continuum, 2007.
Rogers, Pat. The Poet and the Publisher: The Case of Alexander Pope, Esq., of Twickenham versus Edmund Curll, Bookseller in Grub Street. London: Reaktion Books, 2021.
Rogers, Woodes. A Cruising Voyage Round the World. London: Printed for A. Bell, 1712.
Roper, Michael. The Records of the War Office and Related Departments, 1660–1964. Public Record Office Handbooks, no. 29. Kew, UK: Public Record Office, 1998.
Rose, Elihu. “The Anatomy of Mutiny,” Armed Forces & Society 8 (1982).
Roth, Hal. Two Against Cape Horn. New York: Norton, 1978.
Rowse, A. L. The Byrons and Trevanions. Exeter: A. Wheaton & Co., 1979.
Scott, James. Recollections of a Naval Life. Vol. 1. London: Richard Bentley, 1834.
Shankland, Peter. Byron of the Wager. New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1975.
Slight, Julian. A Narrative of the Loss of the Royal George at Spithead, August, 1782. Portsea: S. Horsey, 1843.
Smith, Bernard. Imagining the Pacific: In the Wake of the Cook Voyages. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992.
Smollett, Tobias. The History of England, from the Revolution to the Death of George the Second. Vol. 2. London: W. Clowes and Sons, 1864.
———. The Miscellaneous Works of Tobias Smollett. Vol. 4. Edinburgh: Mundell, Doig, & Stevenson, 1806.
———. The Works of Tobias Smollett: The Adventures of Roderick Random. Vol. 2. New York: George D. Sproul, 1902.
Sobel, Dava. Longitude the Story of a Lone Genius Who Solved the Greatest Scientific Problem of His Time. New York: Walker, 2007.
Somerville, Boyle. Commodore Anson’s Voyage into the South Seas and Around the World. London and Toronto: William Heinemann, 1934.
Stark, William F., and Peter Stark. The Last Time Around Cape Horn: The Historic 1949 Voyage of the Windjammer Pamir. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2003.
Steward, Julian H., ed. Handbook of South American Indians. Vol. 1. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946.
Stitt, F. B. “Admiral Anson at the Admiralty, 1744–62.” Staffordshire Studies, no. 4 (February 1991).
Styles, John. The Dress of the People: Everyday Fashion in Eighteenth-Century England. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007.
Sullivan, F. B. “The Naval Schoolmaster During the Eighteenth Century and the Early Nineteenth Century.” The Mariner’s Mirror 62, no. 3 (August 1976).
Thomas, Pascoe. A True and Impartial Journal of a Voyage to the South-Seas, and Round the Globe, in His Majesty’s Ship the Centurion, Under the Command of Commodore George Anson. London: S. Birt, 1745.
Thompson, Edgar K. “George Anson in the Province of South Carolina.” The Mariner’s Mirror, no. 53 (August 1967).
Thompson, Edward. Sailor’s Letters: Written to His Select Friends in England, During His Voyages and Travels in Europe, Asia, Africa, and America. Dublin: J. Potts, 1767.
Thursfield, H. G., ed. Five Naval Journals, 1789–1817. Vol. 91. London: Publications of Navy Records Society, 1951.
The Trial of the Honourable Admiral John Byng, at a Court Martial, as Taken by Mr. Charles Fearne, Judge-Advocate of His Majesty’s Fleet. Dublin: Printed for J. Hoey, P. Wilson, et al., 1757.
Trotter, Thomas. Medical and Chemical Essays. London: Printed for J. S. Jordan, 1795.
Troyer, Howard William. Ned Ward of Grub Street: A Study of Sub-Literary London in the Eighteenth Century. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1967.
Tucker, Todd. The Great Starvation Experiment: Ancel Keys and the Men Who Starved for Science. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2007.
Velho, Alvaro, and E. G. Ravenstein. A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco Da Gama, 1497–1499. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Vieira, Bianca Carvalho, André Augusto Rodrigues Salgado, and Leonardo José Cordeiro Santos, eds. Landscapes and Landforms of Brazil. New York, Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, 2015.
Voltaire, and David Wootton. Candide and Related Texts. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2000.
Walker, N. W. Gregory. With Commodore Anson. London: A. & C. Black, 1934.
Walker, Violet W., and Margaret J. Howell. The House of Byron: A History of the Family from the Norman Conquest, 1066–1988. London: Quiller Press, 1988.
Walpole, Horace. The Letters of Horace Walpole. Vol. 3. Philadelphia: Lea and Blanchard, 1842.
Walter, Richard. A Voyage Round the World. London: F. C. & J. Rivington, 1821.
———, George Anson, and Benjamin Robins. A Voyage Round the World, in the Years MDCCXL, I, II, III, IV. Edited by Glyndwr Williams. London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1974.
Ward, Ned. The Wooden World. 5th ed. Edinburgh: James Reid Bookseller, 1751.
Watt, James. “The Medical Bequest of Disaster at Sea: Commodore Anson’s Circumnavigation, 1740–44.” Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London 32, no. 6 (December 1998).
Williams, Glyndwr, ed. Documents Relating to Anson’s Voyage Round the World. London: Navy Records Society, 1967.
———. The Prize of All the Oceans: Commodore Anson’s Daring Voyage and Triumphant Capture of the Spanish Treasure Galleon. New York: Penguin Books, 2001.
Willis, Sam. Fighting at Sea in the Eighteenth Century: The Art of Sailing Warfare. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: Boydell Press, 2008.
Wines, E. C. Two Years and a Half in the American Navy: Comprising a Journal of a Cruise to England, in the Mediterranean, and in the Levant, on Board of the U.S. Frigate Constellation, in the Years 1829, 1830, and 1831. Vol. 2. London: Richard Bentley, 1833.
Woodall, John. De Peste, or the Plague. London: Printed by J.L. for Nicholas Bourn, 1653.
———. The Surgions Mate. London: Kingsmead Press, 1978.
Yorke, Philip C. The Life and Correspondence of Philip Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain. Vol. 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1913.
Zerbe, Britt. The Birth of the Royal Marines, 1664–1802. Woodbridge, Suffolk, and Rochester, NY: Boydell Press, 2013.
Index
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of the book. Each link will take you to the beginning of the corresponding print page. You may need to scroll forward from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
A
An Affecting Narrative of the Unfortunate Voyage and Catastrophe of His Majesty’s Ship Wager, 230
Africa, 40
albatross, 70
Alexander VI, Pope, 55
Allen, George, 214
Amazon River, 62
America, 253–54, 256
amputations, 28, 51, 218
Andes, 68, 112
Anna, 24, 53–54, 80, 209; passage around Cape Horn, 69–70; wreckage of, 209
Anson, George, 10–26, 47, 109, 180, 208, 209–21, 231, 238, 255; background of, 10–11; disappearance of, 88; life after Wager affair, 255–56; narrative engineered by, 249–51; return to England, 220–21; role as squadron commodore, 10–11, 25, 26, 41, 45–58, 69, 76, 84–88, 102, 150, 151, 152, 164, 185, 194, 209–21, 238, 249–51; treasure seized from Spanish, 220; victory over Covadonga, 213–20, 238
Anson expedition, 9–26, 209–21; aftermath of, 253–57; buried at sea, 52–53, 55, 78–79; casualties, 52–58, 77–79, 83–88, 90, 96, 102, 108, 115, 210, 214, 218, 219, 242; Cheap as Wager captain, 41–42, 50, 58, 61–81, 82–96, 99–106, 109, 113, 133, 141, 147–57, 164; cost of, 242; crews, 19–24, 27–42; departure from England, 24–26; disappearance of ships, 87–88; disease, 20, 23, 24, 50–58, 74–81, 85, 89, 92, 117, 210; hunted by Spanish armada, 41–42, 43–58, 66, 70; “intelligence” leak, 41–42; life at sea, 27–39; at Madeira, 40–42; mission of, 13–14, 42, 89, 91, 126, 149–50, 155, 209; passage around Cape Horn, 62–72, 73–81, 82–90, 209; preparations, 15–25; press gangs, 21–24; at St. Catherine, 55–56; at St. Julian, 66–67; shakeup of commanders, 40–42, 58; ships break apart, 85–88; shipwreck of Wager, 4–5, 89–96, 99–106; shortage of men, 19–24; social hierarchies, 31–34; victory over Covadonga, 213–20, 238; Wager separated from, 88–96; warship construction and decay, 15–17. See also specific ships, officers, and crew
Antarctic Peninsula, 62
Argentina, 66
arsenic, 77
Articles of War, 62, 114, 116, 137, 227, 233–34, 237
Asia, 19, 210
asiento, 243
Atlantic Ocean, 13, 40, 150, 182, 192, 193, 194
Atlantic slave trade, 13, 31
B
Bateman, George, 183
Baynes, Adam, 33, 159
Baynes, Robert, 33, 72, 91, 92, 95, 103, 115, 135, 140, 154–57, 159–62, 175, 176, 239; arrest of, 232–36; Brazil plan and voyage, 175, 176, 177–84, 196–97; court-martial and, 239–41; mutiny plot and, 159–62, 164–65, 202–3; narrative of, 202–3; return to England, 202–3
Beagle, 251
bells, 35, 121
Bible, 80
birds, 56, 70, 151; hunts, 118–19; on Wager Island, 107, 111, 118–19, 124, 125, 134, 185
Black seamen, 31, 103, 248; sold into slavery, 248–49
blubber, 19, 124, 125
boatswains, 28, 38, 53, 82, 101, 106
Bounty, HMS, 235
Brazil, 3, 4, 40, 55, 56, 150–51, 194, 197–98, 201–2; castaway plan and voyage to, 4, 150–57, 158, 160, 165–69, 173–76, 192–98; Speedwell arrives in, 197–98, 201–2
British Navy, see Royal Navy
British South Sea Company, 243
Buenos Aires, 245, 246, 248
Bulkeley, John, 44–58, 61, 72, 82–92, 256; abandonment of Cheap, 166–69, 173–76, 185–86, 198, 202, 204–8, 225, 229, 234–35; allegations against, 233–34, 237–44; arrest of, 232–36; arrival in Brazil, 197–98, 201–2; Brazil plan and voyage, 4, 150–57, 158, 160, 165–69, 173–76, 177–84, 192–98; as castaway on Wager Island, 99–106, 107–12, 113–22, 123–39, 140–46, 147–69, 173–76; court-martial of, 232–35, 237–44; gunner duties, 44–49; journal and narrative of, 197, 202–8, 228–29, 230–31, 234, 253–54; life after Wager affair, 253–54; mutiny plot, 4–5, 158–69, 173–76, 202–8, 229–36; passage around Cape Horn, 72, 82–88; press on, 229–30; return to England, 202–8; shipwreck of Wager, 90–92
burial at sea, 52–53, 55, 78–79, 90
Burke, Edmund, 243
Byng, John, 237–38
Byron, George Anson, 255
Byron, Isabella, 163, 228
Byron, John, 27–42, 46, 47, 53, 61, 67, 72, 73–81, 90, 221; allegations against, 233–34; attempt to leave Wager Island, 186–91, 222; Brazil plan and voyage, 165–69; captured by Spanish, 225–27; as castaway on Wager Island, 99–106, 107–12, 113–22, 123–39, 140–46, 147–69, 173–76, 185–86; court-martial and, 232–35, 240; life after Wager affair, 254–55; life at sea, 27–42; narrative of, 254–55; passage around Cape Horn, 67, 73–82; return for Cheap, 173–76; return to England, 221, 222–25, 227–31; shipwreck of Wager, 90–96
Byron, Lord, 29, 79, 96, 191, 255; Don Juan, 96, 132, 255
Byron, William, 29
Byron Island, 256
C
Caledonian Mercury, 229
Campbell, Alexander, 41, 90, 94, 99, 100, 103, 222; accused of treason, 227, 230; allegiance with Spain, 227, 230; attempt to leave Wager Island, 186–91, 222; Brazil plan and voyage, 174–76; as castaway on Wager Island, 99–106, 115, 116, 117, 123, 126, 127, 128, 133, 134, 145, 154, 156, 167, 168, 174, 185, 186; narrative of, 230; return to England, 230
Campbell, John, 21–22
Canal Cheap, 256
cannibalism, 5, 114, 125; Wager Island, 162–63, 191
Canton, 211
Cape Espiritu Santo, 213
Cape Froward, 192–93
Cape Horn, 4, 13, 14–15, 40, 48, 54, 55, 62–81, 125, 150, 151, 212, 226, 227; Anson expedition passage around, 62–72, 73–81, 82–91, 209; dangers of, 14–15, 62–81; navigation, 14–15, 62–74, 80–81, 82–93, 151, 188–90, 209; rollers, 62
Cape of Eleven Thousand Virgins, 68, 194
Cape of the Holy Ghost, 68
Caribbean, 13, 19
carpenters, 33, 72, 86, 94, 119–20, 147–49, 218; longboat modified into ark, 147–57, 163
Cartagena, 13, 242
cartography, 64
castaways, see specific castaways; Wager Island castaways
castaway narratives, 202–8, 228–31, 248–51, 254–56; of Bulkeley, 202–8, 228–29, 230–31, 234, 253–54; competing versions of events, 202–8, 229–31, 249–51, 254–55; Grub Street hacks, 229–31, 249; publication of, 205–8, 230, 249–51, 254; public opinion on, 208
cattle, 17, 215
Centurion, 9–26, 34, 47, 51, 55, 65, 78, 180, 209–21, 249–50, 255–56; battle with Covadonga, 213–20, 238; construction, 15–17; crew, 19–24, 34; decommissioned, 255–56; departure from England, 24–26; disappearance of, 88, 211; disease, 50–58, 85, 210; gunnery, 213–19; passage around Cape Horn, 69, 71, 75–88, 209; press gangs, 21–24; in South China Sea, 211–13
Cheap, David, 9–26, 41–42, 58, 256; abandoned on Wager Island, 166–69, 173–76, 185–86, 198, 202, 204–8, 225, 229, 234–35; allegations against, 233–34, 237–44; attempt to leave Wager Island, 186–91, 222; background of, 11–12; as captain of Wager, 41–42, 50, 58, 61–81, 82–96, 99–106, 109, 113, 133, 141, 147–57, 164; captured by Spanish, 225–27; as castaway on Wager Island, 99–106, 109–10, 113–22, 127–39, 140–46, 147–69, 173–76, 185–86; court-martial of, 232–35, 237–44; departure from England, 24–26; fall from Wager deck, 93–94, 99; life after Wager affair, 253; mounting tensions among castaways, 130, 133–39, 140–69; mutiny plot against, 4–5, 158–69, 173–76, 202–8, 229–36; narratives and, 202–8, 228–30, 234; passage around Cape Horn, 62–72, 73–81, 82–90; press on, 229–30; return to England, 221, 222–25, 228–31; shipwreck of Wager, 89–96, 99–106; shooting of Cozens, 141–46, 147, 159, 160, 164, 167, 203, 233–34, 249, 253, 254
