Princes at war, p.43
Princes at War, page 43
14George VI’s War Diary, Volume II, 22, 23 and 25 June 1940.
15Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 152.
16George Orwell, cited in Patrick Bishop, Battle of Britain, p. 51.
17John Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI, p. 461.
18George VI’s War Diary, Volume II, 26 June 1940.
19George VI refers to ‘Cousin Wilhelmina’ in a letter to his mother, 21 May 1940, RA QM/PRIV/CC12/124.
20William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth, pp. 517–18.
21Sarah Bradford, George VI, p. 424.
22John Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI, p. 464.
23George VI’s War Diary, Volume II, 21 June 1940.
24William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth, p. 513.
25George VI’s War Diary, Volume II, 9 June 1940.
26Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 226.
27Patrick Bishop, Battle of Britain, p. 65.
28The Memoirs of Princess Alice, pp. 122–3.
29TNA AIR 2/5452.
30Patrick Bishop, Battle of Britain, p. 49.
31Antony Beevor, The Second World War, p. 129.
32RA GDKH/ENGT/A07/18 Duke of Kent War Records, 18 September 1940, from unknown writer, probably the Duke’s Private Secretary, to Group Captain F.C. Halahan.
33Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 197.
34Sarah Bradford, George VI, p. 413.
35Robert Rhodes James (ed.), The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon, 25 June 1940, p. 259.
36Clementine Churchill to Winston Churchill, 27 June 1940, cited in Mary Soames (ed.), Speaking for Themselves, p. 454.
37Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 201.
38Ibid., pp. 236 and 239.
39‘Portugal’s Day of Celebration’, The Times, 5 June 1940, and ‘The Duke of Kent in Lisbon’, The Times, 26 June–3 July 1940, pp. 5 and 6.
40Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 206.
41Ibid., p. 211.
42William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth, p. 513.
43The Duchess of Windsor, The Heart Has Its Reasons, pp. 339–40.
44‘Windsors Dine with Fascist’, New York Times, 1 July 1940, p. 9.
45Foreign Minister’s Secretariat to Foreign Ministry, 30 June 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, No. 66, p. 68.
46Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, p. 59.
47Churchill Archives, CHAR 20/9A-B,12 Duke of Windsor to Churchill, 27 June 1940.
48Martin Gilbert, Finest Hour, p. 614.
49George VI’s War Diary, 3 July 1940.
50Churchill Archives, CHAR 20/9A-B,12 Churchill to Duke of Windsor, 28 June 1940.
51Churchill Archives, CHAR 20/9A-B,32 Churchill to Duke of Windsor, 4 July 1940.
52Philip Ziegler, King Edward VIII, p. 368.
53TNA FO/1093/23 Letter to Sir Alexander Cadogan, 7 July 1940.
54George VI’s War Diary, Volume II, 10 July 1940.
55Patrick Bishop, Battle of Britain, pp. 75–7.
56Telegram from Minister in Lisbon to Ribbentrop cited in a telegram from Ribbentrop to Embassy in Spain, 11 July 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, No. 152, p. 187.
57Ibid.
58Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, p. 112.
59TNA FO 1093/23 C/5023 Telegram to Cadogan, 26 September 1940.
60TNA FO 1093/23 C/4720 Telegram to Cadogan, 19 July 1940.
61TNA FO 1093/23 Sgt D. Morton for Prime Minister, 4 August 1940.
62Goebbels diary, cited in Peter Padfield, Hess, Hitler and Churchill, p. 83.
63Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 229.
64Gazetta del Popolo, 22 July 1940.
65‘Plenipotentiary Cabinet for Britain Urged on King by Windsor, says Italian Newspaper’, New York Times, 23 July 1940, p. 3.
66TNA FO 371/24813 Telegram No. 567 from Mr Vereker, Helsingfors, to Foreign Office, 22 July 1940.
67TNA FO 371/24813 Telegram No. 361 from Foreign Office, 24 July 1940.
68Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 230.
69Hugh Trevor-Roper, Rudolf Hess: The Incorrigible Intruder, cited in David Stafford (ed.), Flight from Reality, p. 157.
70William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth, p. 510.
71Walter Schellenberg, The Schellenberg Memoirs, pp. 121–31.
72Stohrer for the Foreign Minister, 25 July 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, No. 224, p. 290.
73Stohrer for the Foreign Minister, 26 July 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, No. 235, p. 317.
74Ibid., fn 3, p. 315 refers to a subsequent telegram from Stohrer dated 26 July 1940 re the Windsors’ Spanish visa.
75Ibid., p. 318.
76Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, pp. 237–8.
77Karina Urbach, Go-Betweens for Hitler, Oxford University Press 2015 p. 212
78Ibid, p.213
79Lord Birkenhead, Walter Monckton, p. 179.
80Huene to Ribbentrop, 2 August 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, No. 277, pp. 398–401.
81Schellenberg to Foreign Minister, 30 July 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, No. 254, p. 363.
82Michael Bloch, Operation Willi, p. 193.
83Lord Birkenhead, Walter Monckton, p. 180.
84Ribbentrop to Legation in Portugal, 31 July 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, No. 265, pp. 378–9.
85Huene to Ribbentrop, 2 August 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, No. 276, pp. 397–8.
86Huene to Ribbentrop, 2 August 1940, Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume X, No. 277, p. 400.
87Walter Schellenberg, The Schellenberg Memoirs, p. 124.
88James Douglas Hamilton, ‘Hess and the Haushofers’, in David Stafford (ed.), Flight from Reality, pp. 82–3.
89Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume XI, pp. 78–81.
90TNA KV 2/1684 Letter from Albrecht Haushofer to the Duke of Hamilton, 23 September 1940.
Chapter 8 – There will Always be an England
1Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 284.
2TNA AIR 2/5452 The Duke of Kent: A Year’s Work with the RAF.
3Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 285.
4Daily Express, 16 August 1940.
5Hastings Lionel Ismay, The Memoirs of General Lord Ismay, p. 182.
6George VI’s War Diary, Volume III, 6 September 1940.
7Pittsburgh Post Gazette, 26 August 1942.
8Patrick Bishop, Battle of Britain, pp. 265–6.
9Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 2, p. 283.
10George VI’s War Diary, Volume III, 9 and 10 September 1940.
11RA QM/PRIV/CC12/134 George VI to Queen Mary, 11 September 1940.
12George VI’s War Diary, Volume III, 13 September 1940.
13Ibid.
14George VI’s War Diary, Volume III, 19 September 1940.
15Sarah Bradford, George VI, p. 429, and Peter Allen, The Crown and the Swastika, p. 170.
16RA QM/PRIV/CC12/133 George VI to Queen Mary, 28 August 1940.
17Sarah Bradford, George VI, p. 432.
18George VI’s War Diary, Volume III, 10 September 1940.
19John Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI, p. 470.
20Ibid., p. 473.
21‘Bahamian Natives Hail the Windsors’, New York Times, 24 August 1940.
22‘Windsors on Way to the Bahamas’, New York Times, 16 August 1940, p. 5.
23Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, p. 174.
24Wallis Simpson to Betty Lawson-Johnston, 19 October 1940, Private Collection.
25Ibid.
26Draft of unsent letter from Duke of Windsor to Churchill, cited in Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, p. 178.
27Orjan Lindroth, ‘The True Story of Axel Wenner-Gren’, Swedish Press, January 2006.
28FBI HQ 65–31113 Letter to General Watson, Secretary to the President, from Hoover’s office, 13 September 1940.
29FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum from Edward A. Tamm to J. Edgar Hoover, 13 September 1940.
30ibid.
31The Life of Axel Wenner-Gren in Reality and Myth: a Symposium on Axel Wenner-Gren, The Wenner-Gren Centre, Stockholm, May 2012, pp. 20–1.
32Orjan Lindroth, The True Story of Axel Wenner-Gren, p. 18.
33FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum from Edward A. Tamm to J. Edgar Hoover, 13 September 1940.
34Palm Beach Daily News, 18 March 1940, p. 2.
35FBI HQ 65–31113 Letter to the FBI, 8 November 1940.
36FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum re Axel Wenner-Gren, 21 January 1941.
37FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum for the Director, 2 May 1941.
38FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum for Mr Tolson from an unnamed classifier, 19 October 1940.
39George VI’s War Diary, Volume III, 7 and 8 September 1940.
40John Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI, pp. 488–9.
41George VI’s War Diary, Volume III, 5–6 and 7 October 1940.
42Ibid., 12–13 October 1940.
43Ibid., 15 October 1940.
44Ibid., 22 October 1940.
45Ibid., 18 October 1940.
46Sophia Watson, Marina, p. 169.
47John Wheeler-Bennett, George VI, p. 492.
48Ibid.
49RA QM/PRIV/CC12/143 George VI to Queen Mary, 18 November 1940.
50George VI’s War Diary, Volume III, 16 November 1940.
51TNA FO 1093/23 Cypher Telegram, Colonial Office to Windsor, 11 December 1940.
52TNA FO 1093/23 ‘C’ to Henry Hopkinson, 14 December 1940.
53TNA FO 1093/23 Cypher telegram, Duke of Windsor to Colonial Office, 19 December 1940.
54TNA FO 1093/23 K.E. Robinson to Henry Hopkinson, 26 December 1940.
55TNA FO 371/2619.
56TNA FO 1093/23 ‘C’ to Henry Hopkinson, 17 March 1941.
57TNA FO 371/2619 Halifax to Churchill.
58Michael Bloch, The Secret File of the Duke of Windsor, p. 187.
59TNA: FO 371/2619.
60Wallis Simpson to Betty Lawson-Johnston, 2 April 1941, Private Collection.
61Henry Ashby Turner, Jr., General Motors and the Nazis, p. 153.
62Charles Higham, Trading with the Enemy, pp. 171–2.
63Henry Ashby Turner, Jr., General Motors and the Nazis, p. 124.
64‘Windsor in Yacht Mishap’, New York Times, 4 April 1941, p. 4.
65FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum for the Director, 16 April 1941.
66Ibid.
67FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum from J. Edgar Hoover to the Attorney General, 17 April 1941.
68FBI HQ 65–31113 Letter from A.A. Berle to Attorney General, 18 April 1941.
69FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum from E.A. Tamm for Hoover, 19 April 1941.
70FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum for Hoover, 24 April 1941.
71Life, March 1939.
72FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandums 21–23 April 1941.
73Orjan Lindroth, The True Story of Axel Wenner-Gren, p. 17–18.
74FBI HQ 65–31113 Memorandum for Mr Tolson and Mr Tamm from Hoover, 18 April 1941.
75TNA FO 1093/23 Counter-espionage report from ‘C’ to Henry Hopkinson, 29 May 1941.
76Ibid.
77TNA FO 1093/23 Letter from Norman Whitehouse to ‘Darling’, 12 April 1941.
78TNA KV2/1684 Memorandum dated 21 November 1940.
79TNA KV2/1684 Memorandum from W.G. White to Major Robertson, 13 January 1941.
80Letter to the Editor from Clydesdale (Duke of Hamilton), The Times, 6 October 1939, p. 9.
81TNA KV2/1684 W.G. White to Major Robertson, 13 January 1941.
82TNA KV2/1684 Major Robertson to Air Ministry, 20 January 1941.
83TNA KV2/1684 Statement of Wing Commander, The Duke of Hamilton, 11 March 1941.
84Letter from Albrecht Haushofer to Duke of Hamilton, 16 July 1939, cited in David Stafford (ed.), Flight from Reality, p. 81.
85TNA KV2/1684 Statement of Wing Commander, The Duke of Hamilton, 11 March 1941.
86TNA KV2/1684 Major T.A. Robertson to Air Commodore Boyle, 7 April 1941.
87TNA KV2/1684 Boyle to T.A.R., 9 April 1941.
88George VI’s War Diary, Volume IV, 14 January 1941.
89RA QM/ PRI/CC12/154 George VI to Queen Mary, 24 February 1941.
90George VI’s War Diary, Volume IV, 7 February 1941.
91RA QM/PRIV/CC12/154 George VI to Queen Mary, 24 February 1941.
92RA QM/PRIV/CC12/156 George VI to Queen Mary, 27 February 1941.
93George VI’s War Diary, Volume IV, 9 February 1941.
94RA QM/PRIV/CC12/138 George VI to Queen Mary, 14 October 1940.
95George VI’s War Diary, Volume IV, 25 March 1941.
96Robert Rhodes James (ed.), The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon, 24 November 1940, p. 276.
97Neil Balfour and Sally Mackay, Paul of Yugoslavia, pp. 226–7.
98George VI’s War Diary, Volume IV, 24 February 1941, and John Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI, p. 497.
99Robert Rhodes James (ed.), The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon, 25 March 1941, p. 296.
100Ibid., 24 March 1941, p. 295.
101Ibid., 27 March 1941, p. 297.
102Neil Balfour and Sally Mackay, Paul of Yugoslavia, pp. 249–50.
103Robert Rhodes James (ed.), The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon, 30 March 1941, p. 297.
104Sophia Watson, Marina, p. 173.
105Stella King, Princess Marina, p. 165.
Chapter 9 – Conflict . . . Ever Widening
1TNA FO 1093/1 Duke of Hamilton statement, 11 May 1941.
2Daily Record, 12 May 1941.
3Lothar Kettenacker, ‘Mishandling a Spectacular Event’, in David Stafford (ed.), Flight from Reality, p. 22.
4TNA FO 1093/1 Duke of Hamilton statement, 11 May 1941.
5Ibid.
6Ibid.
7Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 3, p. 43.
8John Erickson, ‘Rudolf Hess: A Post-Soviet Postscript’, in David Stafford (ed.), Flight from Reality, p. 39.
9George VI’s War Diary, Volume IV, 13 May 1941.
10Ibid., 10, 11 and 12 May 1941.
11Ibid., 13 May 1941.
12Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 3, p. 44.
13Lothar Kettenacker, ‘Mishandling a Spectacular Event’, in David Stafford (ed.), Flight from Reality, p. 28.
14Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 3, p. 43.
15George VI’s War Diary, Volume IV, 16 May 1941.
16TNA AIR 19/564 Sir Archibald Sinclair’s statement in the House, 22 May 1941.
17John Erickson, ‘Rudolf Hess: A Post-Soviet Postscript’, in David Stafford (ed.), Flight from Reality, pp. 40–4.
18Lynn Picknett, Clive Prince and Stephen Prior, Double Standards, pp. 414–40.
19Hugh Trevor-Roper, ‘Hess the Incorrigible Intruder’, in David Stafford (ed.), Flight from Reality, pp. 155–6.
20Documents on German Foreign Policy, Series D, Volume XI, pp. 15, 16 and 78–81.
21Ibid., and also Hamilton identified as best contact is set out in Albrecht Haushofer’s statement to Hitler on 12 May 1941 after Hess’s flight, ‘English Connections and the Possibility of their Employment’, in TNA KV2/1685.
22TNA KV 2/1684 Correspondence between Major Robertson and the Air Ministry, January–April 1941, concerning Hess’s letter to Hamilton.
23Hugh Trevor-Roper, ‘Hess the Incorrigible Intruder’, in David Stafford (ed.), Flight from Reality, pp. 155–6.
24Manuscript Simon 88, Special Collections, Bodleian Library, ‘Interview of “Jonathan”, i.e. Rudolf Hess, by “Dr Guthrie”, i.e. Sir John Simon’, on 9 June 1941.
25TNA FO 1093/12 Minutes to Cadogan 19 August 1941 from Colonel M. Rees.
26TNA KV2/1685 Albrecht Haushofer’s statement to Hitler, 12 May 1941, ‘English Connections and the Possibility of their Employment’.
27FBI HQ 65–31113–26 J. Edgar Hoover to Adolf A. Berle, 22 April 1942.
28George VI’s War Diary, Volume IV, 22 June 1941.
29The Memoirs of Princess Alice, p. 125.
30George VI’s War Diary, Volume IV, 24 June 1941.
31Roosevelt to George VI, 1 May 1940, cited in John Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI, p. 510.
32George VI to Roosevelt, 3 June 1941, cited in John Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI, pp. 525–6.
33RA GVI/PRIV/RF/08/11 Duke of Kent to George VI, 7 August 1941.
34Ibid.
35Ibid.
36TNA AIR 2/5452.
37William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth, p. 539.
38Winston Churchill, The Second World War, Volume 3, p. 384.
39Roy Jenkins, Churchill, p. 665.
40RA GVI/PRIV/RF/08 12 Duke of Kent to George VI, 20 August 1941.
41Sydney Morning Herald, 24 August 1941.
42RA GVI/PRIV/RF/08/14 Duke of Kent to George VI, 30 August 1941.
43Christopher Warwick, George and Marina, p. 120.
44RA GVI/PRIV/RF/08/14 Duke of Kent to George VI, 30 August 1941.
45Duke of Kent to Betty Lawson-Johnston, Letter 11, Private Collection, 9 September 1941.
46George VI’s War Diary, Volume V, 8 July 1941.
47RA GVI/PRIV/RF/08/14 Duke of Kent to George VI, 30 August 1941.
48Duchess of Windsor to Betty Lawson-Johnston, Private Collection, 19 September 1941.
49‘Roosevelt Host to the Windsors Today’, New York Times, 28 October 1941.
50Ibid.
51Ibid.
52TNA FO 1093/23 Viscount Halifax to Lord Moyne, 26 June 1941.
53TNA FO 1093/23 Letter to Sir Alexander Cadogan, 19 September 1941.
54TNA FO 1093/23 Appendix to Report 166, Summary of Herman Rogers’s interview with the Bermuda Censorship Authorities.
55Ibid.
56Ibid.
57Charles Glass, Americans in Paris, p. 200, and Jim Christy, The Price of Power, p. 121.
58William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth, p. 541.
59George VI’s War Diary, Volume V, 6, 7 and 8 December 1941.
60Ibid.
61Ibid., 9 December 1941.
62William Shawcross, Queen Elizabeth, p. 542.
63George VI’s War Diary, Volume V, 10 December 1941.
64Churchill Archives, CHAR 20/20 George VI to Winston Churchill, 10 December 1941.
65John Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI, p. 533.
66RA QM/PRIV/CC12/175 George VI to Queen Mary, 21 September 1941.
