Sinkable, p.28
Sinkable, page 28
high density of wrecks: Fiona Young-Brown, “The Place Where 1,000 Ships Were Sunk,” BBC Earth, November 21, 2016.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Kruszelnicki published a study: Adam Lusher, “Scientist ‘Solves’ Mystery of the Bermuda Triangle—by Claiming There Was No Mystery in the First Place,” The Independent, July 27, 2017.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“To say quite a few ships and airplanes”: Brian Clark Howard, “Gas Craters Off Norway Linked to Fringe Bermuda Triangle Theory,” National Geographic, March 15, 2016, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/160315-norway-craters-methane-hydrates-bermuda-triangle-science.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
USS Cyclops and USS Proteus: Kathryn Walker, Mysteries of the Bermuda Triangle (London: Crabtree Publishing Company, 2008), 12.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
gas bubbles from deep-sea methane vents: “Do Giant Gas Bubbles Explain the Mystery of the Bermuda Triangle?,” The Guardian, March 14, 2016.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
German naval commanders decided to scuttle: “The Scuttling of the German High Seas Fleet at Scapa Flow,” Naval History and Heritage Command, September 10, 2019, https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/wars-conflicts-and-operations/world-war-i/history/scapa-flow.html.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
cleaned out the Ford: “LCS Fires Ship-Killing Missile During Ex-Frigate Ford’s SINKEX,” The Navy Times, October 2, 2019.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Operation CHASE: William R. Brankowitz, “Chemical Weapons Movement History Compilation,” Department of Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, Office of the Program Manager for Chemical Munitions (Demilitarization and Binary) (Provisional), 1987.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
concentrated mustard gas: Russell Fendick et al., “Notes from the Field: Exposures to Discarded Sulfur Mustard Munitions—Mid-Atlantic and New England States 2004–2012,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, April 26, 2013.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
In 1987, hundreds of dolphins: John R. Bull, “The Deadliness Below,” Daily Press (Newport News, VA), October 30, 2005.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the scuttling operation is believed to have included: Paul E. Rosenfeld and Lydia G. H. Feng, Risks of Hazardous Wastes (Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 2011), 51.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“It’s impossible to know”: Craig Williams, telephone interview by author, March 16, 2021.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“On account of the weight”: “How the Titanic Looks Now,” The Medford Patriot (Oklahoma), May 16, 1912.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Maury was one of the first: Matthew Fontaine Maury, The Physical Geography of the Sea, and Its Meteorology (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1875).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“It sometimes happens that”: “The Titanic’s Grave on the Ocean Floor,” The Kansas City Star, April 21, 1912.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
deep-sea creatures evolved: David J. Randall and Anthony P. Farrell, eds., Deep-Sea Fishes (San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1997).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Trinity Bay in 1877: “Look Out for the Squid,” The St. Albans Daily Messenger (Vermont), July 6, 1897.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
scientists filmed a giant squid: Brigit Katz, “Watch First Footage of Giant Squid Filmed in American Waters,” Smithsonian Magazine, June 24, 2019, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/first-time-giant-squid-was-filmed-american-waters-180972479.
But every culture: Nathaniel Altman, The Deva Handbook: How to Work with Nature’s Subtle Energies (Rochester, VT: Destiny Books, 1995), 23.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
U.S. Navy spends $3 billion: Kyle Mizokami, “Rust: The U.S. Navy’s $3 Billion-a-Year Oxidation Problem,” Popular Mechanics, January 15, 2020, https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/navy-ships/a30522792/navy-fighting-rust.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“Most calls I get”: Alana Fossa, telephone interview by author, May 12, 2020.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
The L.R. Doty, a Gilded Age cargo steamer: Brendon Baillod, “Steamer L.R. Doty Found in Lake Michigan Off Milwaukee,” Shipwreck World, June 23, 2010, https://www.shipwreckworld.com/articles/steamer-doty-shipwreck.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
age bottles underwater: Christopher Osburn, “Why One Napa Winery Is Experimenting with Aquaoir, Wine Aged Under Water,” Eater, August 21, 2015, https://www.eater.com/drinks/2015/8/21/9184763/aquaoir-wine-aging.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the Italian troopship Umbria: “Dive One of the World’s Best Wrecks, the Umbria in Sudan,” AquaViews Online Scuba Magazine, June 25, 2017, https://www.leisurepro.com/blog/scuba-dive-destinations/dive-worlds-wrecks-umbria-sudan.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
found the oldest shipwreck: Nick Romeo, “Centuries of Preserved Shipwrecks Found in the Black Sea,” National Geographic, October 26, 2016, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/black-sea-shipwreck-discovery.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
abandoned wood hulls for steel ones: Erich W. Zimmermann, Modern Business: Foreign Trade and Shipping (New York: Alexander Hamilton Institute, 1919), 223.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
CHAPTER 4: MERELY A MATTER OF MAGNETS
The earliest sailors: Brian Lavery, A Short History of Seafaring (London: Dorling Kindersley Limited, 2013).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
embarrassing wreck of the HMS Royal George: Hilary L. Rubinstein, Catastrophe at Spithead: The Sinking of the Royal George (Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword Books, 2020).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
whaling ship Essex: Nathaniel Philbrick, In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Whaleship Essex (New York: Penguin Books, 2015).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Custom of the Sea: A. W. Brian Simpson, Cannibalism and the Common Law (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“the most stupendous vessel”: “City Intelligence,” The Evening Post (New York), January 28, 1850.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Smith had been born in 1861: Wilbur Fiske Stone, History of Colorado, vol. 2 (Chicago: S. G. Clarke Pub., 1918).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“My object, first of all”: “Giant Magnets to Raise the Titanic,” The Pittsburgh Press, March 8, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Smith’s view of finding the ship: “Giant Magnets to Raise the Sunken Titanic,” Daily Arkansas Gazette (Little Rock), March 8, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“In three months”: “Giant Magnets to Raise the Sunken Titanic.”
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“It is merely”: “Giant Magnets to Raise the Sunken Titanic.”
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Benjamin Franklin studied the Gulf Stream: Deborah Heiligman, The Mysterious Ocean Highway: Benjamin Franklin and the Gulf Stream (Chicago: Heinemann Raintree, 1999).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Riker released: “To Move the Earth and Melt the Pole,” The New York Times, September 29, 1912.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
He proposed a two-hundred-mile-long rock jetty: Uwe Kitzinger and Ernst G. Frankel, Macro-Engineering and the Earth: World Projects for Year 2000 and Beyond (West Sussex, UK: Horwood Publishing, 1998).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“I hear the exclamation ‘visionary’ ”: “To Move the Earth and Melt the Pole,” The Houston Post, October 6, 1912.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“Man Can Control All”: Kitzinger and Frankel, Macro-Engineering and the Earth.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
sound navigation ranging, also known as sonar: Author unknown, Think (Endicott, NY: International Business Machines Corporation, 1958), 36.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Pino boarded his craft: “A Rival to Marconi,” The Indianapolis Journal, February 8, 1903.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Madagascar, a British frigate: Lurline Stuart, “The Lost Gold Ship,” The LaTrobe Journal 67 (2001), http://latrobejournal.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-67/t1-g-t2.html.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
even the Mary Celeste: Valerie Martin, The Ghost of the Mary Celeste (London: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2015).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
a basic napkin sketch: “Hopes to Raise the Titanic,” The Ordway New Era (Colorado), April 17, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
salvage underwater vessels: Charles A. Bartholomew and William I. Milwee, Mud, Muscle, and Miracles: Marine Salvage in the United States Navy (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Navy, 1990).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
marine insurance companies: National Ocean Industries Association and NOAA, Where Land and Water Meet (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1979), 45.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the Isla de Luzón, the Isla de Cuba, and the Don Juan D’Austria: Bartholomew and Milwee, Mud, Muscle, and Miracles.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the submarine F-4: The Submarine in the United States Navy (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1963).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
combined forces in 1910 to refloat the Maine: Raising the Wreck of the United States Battleship Maine: Havana Harbor (Buffalo, NY: Lackawanna Steel Company, 1912).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
CHAPTER 5: LUNGS THE SIZE OF ACORNS
Smith needed, he raised: Charles Smith, “A Plan to Lift the Titanic,” unpublished typescript, University of Colorado, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the average American salary: Witt Bowden, “War and Postwar Wages, Prices, and Hours, 1914–23 and 1939–44,” bulletin no. 852 (1945).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“ridiculous proposal”: “Engineering: A Ridiculous Proposal,” Scientific American, February 14, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“the Gulf Stream and the Labrador current”: “Engineer Hopes to Raise Titanic with Electric Magnets, Submarines and Floating Camels,” Evening Star (Washington, DC), March 8, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
in Long Island Sound: James L. Mooney, Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, vol. 3 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1968).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Darwin seemed to believe: Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species (New York: P. F. Collier, 1909).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Lake taunted Smith: “A Denver Engineer Hopes to Raise the Titanic,” Buffalo Sunday Morning News, March 15, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“If you are at all familiar”: “Hopes to Raise the Titanic,” Nashville Journal, April 16, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Armstrong got suddenly hot: Kim Bowden, “Armstrong a True Pioneer of Aviation Medicine and Fitting USAFSAM Exemplar,” Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, March 26, 2018, https://www.wpafb.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1472150/armstrong-a-true-pioneer-of-aviation-medicine-and-fitting-usafsam-exemplar.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
how to make artificial pressures: Kenneth Chang, “The Big Squeeze,” The New York Times, December 16, 2013, https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/17/science/the-big-squeeze.html.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
peanut butter turns to diamonds: Robert M. Hazen, The Diamond Makers (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“The wife of a diver, poor woman!”: Cleveland Moffett, St. Nicholas: An Illustrated Magazine for Young Folks (New York: The Century Co., 1901), 207.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“I got into the suit”: Moffett, St. Nicholas: An Illustrated Magazine for Young Folks, 208.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“A western genius”: “A Western Genius Declares,” Escanaba Morning Press (Michigan), February 6, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“Personally we have no inclination”: A. V. Napler, “Reflections and Remarks,” Iola Register (Kansas), February 16, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the USS Saint Paul: S. Swiggum and M. Kohli, “Ship Descriptions,” The Ship List, last updated October 3, 2016, http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/descriptions/ShipsS.shtml.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Seawise Giant (and later renamed Knock Nevis): Ethan Trex, “Seawise Giant: You Can’t Keep a Good Ship Down,” Mental Floss, June 1, 2011, https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/27877/seawise-giant-you-cant-keep-good-ship-down.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Per Brahe grew into a Titanic-like fable: August Håkansson, “Shipwreck Skeleton May Be Swedish Captain,” The Local, October 26, 2015, https://www.thelocal.se/20151026/shipwreck-skeleton-may-be-swedish-captain.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Per Brahe was raised in 1922: Perilous Passage, directed by Thom Britten-Austin and Brent Johansson (Sweden, 2020), https://en.filmenomperbrahe.com/.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Smith sought amounted to: Christopher Chantrill, “Federal 1914 Government Spending,” U.S. Government Spending, accessed June 11, 2020, https://www.usgovernmentspending.com/fed_spending_1914USrn.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the Carib and the Evelyn: “No Protest Will Be Made for Sinking Evelyn,” Riverside Daily Press, February 22, 1915.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Falaba was sunk by a U-boat: Frank Blazich Jr., “United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922,” Naval History and Heritage Command, June 10, 2020, https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/u/us-navy-world-war-i-redirect.html.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
British foreign secretary admitted: Alan Travis, “Lusitania Divers Warned of Danger from War Munitions in 1982, Papers Reveal,” The Guardian, April 30, 2014.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
The price of zinc: G. F. Loughlin, The Oxidized Zinc Ores of Leadville Colorado (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1918).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Interocean Submarine Engineering Company: “Hand of Wall Street Reaches Out After Sunken Treasures of the Deep,” The Philadelphia Inquirer, June 4, 1916.
Italian troopship, the Principe Umberto: “Italian Transport Sunk by Torpedo,” The New York Times, June 11, 1916.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
CHAPTER 6: I REGARD THE TITANIC AS MINE
Beesley was caught up in the excitement: William MacQuitty, Titanic Memories: The Making of “A Night to Remember” (London: National Maritime Museum, 2000).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Beesley, from Derbyshire in the East Midlands: Lawrence Beesley, The Loss of the S.S. Titanic: Its Story and Its Lessons (Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1912).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“Never have I experienced”: MacQuitty, Titanic Memories, 14.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“needed no added drama”: MacQuitty, Titanic Memories, 23.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Doug Woolley saw: Doug Woolley, in-person interview by author, London, March 7, 2020.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the Empress sank: Anne Renaud, Into the Mist: The Story of the Empress of Ireland (Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2010).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Kruszelnicki published a study: Adam Lusher, “Scientist ‘Solves’ Mystery of the Bermuda Triangle—by Claiming There Was No Mystery in the First Place,” The Independent, July 27, 2017.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“To say quite a few ships and airplanes”: Brian Clark Howard, “Gas Craters Off Norway Linked to Fringe Bermuda Triangle Theory,” National Geographic, March 15, 2016, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/160315-norway-craters-methane-hydrates-bermuda-triangle-science.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
USS Cyclops and USS Proteus: Kathryn Walker, Mysteries of the Bermuda Triangle (London: Crabtree Publishing Company, 2008), 12.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
gas bubbles from deep-sea methane vents: “Do Giant Gas Bubbles Explain the Mystery of the Bermuda Triangle?,” The Guardian, March 14, 2016.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
German naval commanders decided to scuttle: “The Scuttling of the German High Seas Fleet at Scapa Flow,” Naval History and Heritage Command, September 10, 2019, https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/wars-conflicts-and-operations/world-war-i/history/scapa-flow.html.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
cleaned out the Ford: “LCS Fires Ship-Killing Missile During Ex-Frigate Ford’s SINKEX,” The Navy Times, October 2, 2019.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Operation CHASE: William R. Brankowitz, “Chemical Weapons Movement History Compilation,” Department of Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, Office of the Program Manager for Chemical Munitions (Demilitarization and Binary) (Provisional), 1987.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
concentrated mustard gas: Russell Fendick et al., “Notes from the Field: Exposures to Discarded Sulfur Mustard Munitions—Mid-Atlantic and New England States 2004–2012,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, April 26, 2013.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
In 1987, hundreds of dolphins: John R. Bull, “The Deadliness Below,” Daily Press (Newport News, VA), October 30, 2005.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the scuttling operation is believed to have included: Paul E. Rosenfeld and Lydia G. H. Feng, Risks of Hazardous Wastes (Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, 2011), 51.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“It’s impossible to know”: Craig Williams, telephone interview by author, March 16, 2021.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“On account of the weight”: “How the Titanic Looks Now,” The Medford Patriot (Oklahoma), May 16, 1912.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Maury was one of the first: Matthew Fontaine Maury, The Physical Geography of the Sea, and Its Meteorology (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1875).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“It sometimes happens that”: “The Titanic’s Grave on the Ocean Floor,” The Kansas City Star, April 21, 1912.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
deep-sea creatures evolved: David J. Randall and Anthony P. Farrell, eds., Deep-Sea Fishes (San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1997).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Trinity Bay in 1877: “Look Out for the Squid,” The St. Albans Daily Messenger (Vermont), July 6, 1897.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
scientists filmed a giant squid: Brigit Katz, “Watch First Footage of Giant Squid Filmed in American Waters,” Smithsonian Magazine, June 24, 2019, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/first-time-giant-squid-was-filmed-american-waters-180972479.
But every culture: Nathaniel Altman, The Deva Handbook: How to Work with Nature’s Subtle Energies (Rochester, VT: Destiny Books, 1995), 23.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
U.S. Navy spends $3 billion: Kyle Mizokami, “Rust: The U.S. Navy’s $3 Billion-a-Year Oxidation Problem,” Popular Mechanics, January 15, 2020, https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/navy-ships/a30522792/navy-fighting-rust.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“Most calls I get”: Alana Fossa, telephone interview by author, May 12, 2020.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
The L.R. Doty, a Gilded Age cargo steamer: Brendon Baillod, “Steamer L.R. Doty Found in Lake Michigan Off Milwaukee,” Shipwreck World, June 23, 2010, https://www.shipwreckworld.com/articles/steamer-doty-shipwreck.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
age bottles underwater: Christopher Osburn, “Why One Napa Winery Is Experimenting with Aquaoir, Wine Aged Under Water,” Eater, August 21, 2015, https://www.eater.com/drinks/2015/8/21/9184763/aquaoir-wine-aging.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the Italian troopship Umbria: “Dive One of the World’s Best Wrecks, the Umbria in Sudan,” AquaViews Online Scuba Magazine, June 25, 2017, https://www.leisurepro.com/blog/scuba-dive-destinations/dive-worlds-wrecks-umbria-sudan.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
found the oldest shipwreck: Nick Romeo, “Centuries of Preserved Shipwrecks Found in the Black Sea,” National Geographic, October 26, 2016, https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/black-sea-shipwreck-discovery.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
abandoned wood hulls for steel ones: Erich W. Zimmermann, Modern Business: Foreign Trade and Shipping (New York: Alexander Hamilton Institute, 1919), 223.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
CHAPTER 4: MERELY A MATTER OF MAGNETS
The earliest sailors: Brian Lavery, A Short History of Seafaring (London: Dorling Kindersley Limited, 2013).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
embarrassing wreck of the HMS Royal George: Hilary L. Rubinstein, Catastrophe at Spithead: The Sinking of the Royal George (Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword Books, 2020).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
whaling ship Essex: Nathaniel Philbrick, In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Whaleship Essex (New York: Penguin Books, 2015).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Custom of the Sea: A. W. Brian Simpson, Cannibalism and the Common Law (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“the most stupendous vessel”: “City Intelligence,” The Evening Post (New York), January 28, 1850.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Smith had been born in 1861: Wilbur Fiske Stone, History of Colorado, vol. 2 (Chicago: S. G. Clarke Pub., 1918).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“My object, first of all”: “Giant Magnets to Raise the Titanic,” The Pittsburgh Press, March 8, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Smith’s view of finding the ship: “Giant Magnets to Raise the Sunken Titanic,” Daily Arkansas Gazette (Little Rock), March 8, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“In three months”: “Giant Magnets to Raise the Sunken Titanic.”
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“It is merely”: “Giant Magnets to Raise the Sunken Titanic.”
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Benjamin Franklin studied the Gulf Stream: Deborah Heiligman, The Mysterious Ocean Highway: Benjamin Franklin and the Gulf Stream (Chicago: Heinemann Raintree, 1999).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Riker released: “To Move the Earth and Melt the Pole,” The New York Times, September 29, 1912.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
He proposed a two-hundred-mile-long rock jetty: Uwe Kitzinger and Ernst G. Frankel, Macro-Engineering and the Earth: World Projects for Year 2000 and Beyond (West Sussex, UK: Horwood Publishing, 1998).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“I hear the exclamation ‘visionary’ ”: “To Move the Earth and Melt the Pole,” The Houston Post, October 6, 1912.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“Man Can Control All”: Kitzinger and Frankel, Macro-Engineering and the Earth.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
sound navigation ranging, also known as sonar: Author unknown, Think (Endicott, NY: International Business Machines Corporation, 1958), 36.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Pino boarded his craft: “A Rival to Marconi,” The Indianapolis Journal, February 8, 1903.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Madagascar, a British frigate: Lurline Stuart, “The Lost Gold Ship,” The LaTrobe Journal 67 (2001), http://latrobejournal.slv.vic.gov.au/latrobejournal/issue/latrobe-67/t1-g-t2.html.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
even the Mary Celeste: Valerie Martin, The Ghost of the Mary Celeste (London: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2015).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
a basic napkin sketch: “Hopes to Raise the Titanic,” The Ordway New Era (Colorado), April 17, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
salvage underwater vessels: Charles A. Bartholomew and William I. Milwee, Mud, Muscle, and Miracles: Marine Salvage in the United States Navy (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Navy, 1990).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
marine insurance companies: National Ocean Industries Association and NOAA, Where Land and Water Meet (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1979), 45.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the Isla de Luzón, the Isla de Cuba, and the Don Juan D’Austria: Bartholomew and Milwee, Mud, Muscle, and Miracles.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the submarine F-4: The Submarine in the United States Navy (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1963).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
combined forces in 1910 to refloat the Maine: Raising the Wreck of the United States Battleship Maine: Havana Harbor (Buffalo, NY: Lackawanna Steel Company, 1912).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
CHAPTER 5: LUNGS THE SIZE OF ACORNS
Smith needed, he raised: Charles Smith, “A Plan to Lift the Titanic,” unpublished typescript, University of Colorado, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the average American salary: Witt Bowden, “War and Postwar Wages, Prices, and Hours, 1914–23 and 1939–44,” bulletin no. 852 (1945).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“ridiculous proposal”: “Engineering: A Ridiculous Proposal,” Scientific American, February 14, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“the Gulf Stream and the Labrador current”: “Engineer Hopes to Raise Titanic with Electric Magnets, Submarines and Floating Camels,” Evening Star (Washington, DC), March 8, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
in Long Island Sound: James L. Mooney, Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, vol. 3 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1968).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Darwin seemed to believe: Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species (New York: P. F. Collier, 1909).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Lake taunted Smith: “A Denver Engineer Hopes to Raise the Titanic,” Buffalo Sunday Morning News, March 15, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“If you are at all familiar”: “Hopes to Raise the Titanic,” Nashville Journal, April 16, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Armstrong got suddenly hot: Kim Bowden, “Armstrong a True Pioneer of Aviation Medicine and Fitting USAFSAM Exemplar,” Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, March 26, 2018, https://www.wpafb.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1472150/armstrong-a-true-pioneer-of-aviation-medicine-and-fitting-usafsam-exemplar.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
how to make artificial pressures: Kenneth Chang, “The Big Squeeze,” The New York Times, December 16, 2013, https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/17/science/the-big-squeeze.html.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
peanut butter turns to diamonds: Robert M. Hazen, The Diamond Makers (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“The wife of a diver, poor woman!”: Cleveland Moffett, St. Nicholas: An Illustrated Magazine for Young Folks (New York: The Century Co., 1901), 207.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“I got into the suit”: Moffett, St. Nicholas: An Illustrated Magazine for Young Folks, 208.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“A western genius”: “A Western Genius Declares,” Escanaba Morning Press (Michigan), February 6, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
“Personally we have no inclination”: A. V. Napler, “Reflections and Remarks,” Iola Register (Kansas), February 16, 1914.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
the USS Saint Paul: S. Swiggum and M. Kohli, “Ship Descriptions,” The Ship List, last updated October 3, 2016, http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/descriptions/ShipsS.shtml.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Seawise Giant (and later renamed Knock Nevis): Ethan Trex, “Seawise Giant: You Can’t Keep a Good Ship Down,” Mental Floss, June 1, 2011, https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/27877/seawise-giant-you-cant-keep-good-ship-down.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Per Brahe grew into a Titanic-like fable: August Håkansson, “Shipwreck Skeleton May Be Swedish Captain,” The Local, October 26, 2015, https://www.thelocal.se/20151026/shipwreck-skeleton-may-be-swedish-captain.
GO TO NOTE REFERENCE IN TEXT
Per Brahe was raised in 1922: Perilous Passage, directed by Thom Britten-Austin and Brent Johansson (Sweden, 2020), https://en.filmenomperbrahe.com/.
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Smith sought amounted to: Christopher Chantrill, “Federal 1914 Government Spending,” U.S. Government Spending, accessed June 11, 2020, https://www.usgovernmentspending.com/fed_spending_1914USrn.
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the Carib and the Evelyn: “No Protest Will Be Made for Sinking Evelyn,” Riverside Daily Press, February 22, 1915.
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Falaba was sunk by a U-boat: Frank Blazich Jr., “United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922,” Naval History and Heritage Command, June 10, 2020, https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/u/us-navy-world-war-i-redirect.html.
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British foreign secretary admitted: Alan Travis, “Lusitania Divers Warned of Danger from War Munitions in 1982, Papers Reveal,” The Guardian, April 30, 2014.
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The price of zinc: G. F. Loughlin, The Oxidized Zinc Ores of Leadville Colorado (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1918).
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Interocean Submarine Engineering Company: “Hand of Wall Street Reaches Out After Sunken Treasures of the Deep,” The Philadelphia Inquirer, June 4, 1916.
Italian troopship, the Principe Umberto: “Italian Transport Sunk by Torpedo,” The New York Times, June 11, 1916.
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CHAPTER 6: I REGARD THE TITANIC AS MINE
Beesley was caught up in the excitement: William MacQuitty, Titanic Memories: The Making of “A Night to Remember” (London: National Maritime Museum, 2000).
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Beesley, from Derbyshire in the East Midlands: Lawrence Beesley, The Loss of the S.S. Titanic: Its Story and Its Lessons (Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1912).
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“Never have I experienced”: MacQuitty, Titanic Memories, 14.
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“needed no added drama”: MacQuitty, Titanic Memories, 23.
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Doug Woolley saw: Doug Woolley, in-person interview by author, London, March 7, 2020.
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the Empress sank: Anne Renaud, Into the Mist: The Story of the Empress of Ireland (Toronto: Dundurn Press, 2010).
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