Essays virginia woolf vo.., p.99
Essays Virginia Woolf, Volume 6, page 99
fn44 – Ibid., II, ii (spoken by Meander and Mycetes, respectively), p. 27.
fn45 – Ibid., II, vii (spoken by Tamburlaine), p. 38.
fn46 – Ibid., V, i (spoken by Tamburlaine), p. 77.
fn47 – Quoted in Lady Newdigate-Newdegate, Gossip from a Muniment Room: Being Passages in the Lives of Anne and Mary Fytton 1574 to 1618 (David Nutt, 1897), p. 9. VW has modernised the spelling throughout. Sir Edward (1548/9–1606), Anne (1574–1618) and Mary (1578–1641) Fitton. Sir William Knollys, 1st Earl of Banbury (c. 1545–1632).
fn48 – Ibid., p. 36.
fn49 – Ibid., p. 76. William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1580–1630).
fn50 – Ibid., p. 127.
fn51 – Thomas Kyd (1558–94), dramatist, was a friend of Marlowe.
fn52 – See Henslowe’s Diary, vol. ii, p. 134, n. 1, at p. 135.
fn53 – Letter of 1599 quoted in George Wyndham’s ‘Introduction’ to The Poems of Shakespeare (Methuen and Co., 1898), p. xxix, which has: ‘away the time’. Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton (1573–1624), courtier and Shakespeare’s patron (dedicatee of Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece, and just possibly the ‘Mr. W. H.’ of the sonnets); Roger Manners, 5th Earl of Rutland (1576–1612); Rowland White, agent of Sir Robert Sidney, 1st Earl of Leicester (1563–1626), courtier and poet.
fn54 – Bacon’s Essays and Colours of Good and Evil, ed. W. Aldis Wright (Macmillan, 1862), no. xxxvii, p. 156, which has: ‘These Things are but Toyes, to come amongst such Serious Observation.’ VW has modernised the spelling in most of the passages quoted.
fn55 – For the details of Marlowe’s death, see G. B. Harrison’s Elizabethan Plays and Players, p. 124, and his An Elizabethan Journal … 1591–1594 (Constable & Co., 1928), p. 243. The man who dealt the death blow was Ingram Frizer (d. 1627).
fn56 – For Gabriel Spenser’s death in 1598 by ‘a rapier, of the price of three shillings’, see Elizabethan Plays and Players, pp. 188–9, and Henslowe’s Diary, vol. ii, p. 313. For Will Kempe’s (fl. 1585–1602) dance from London to Norwich in 1600, see Elizabethan Plays and Players, pp. 225–7.
fn57 – Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809–92); Robert Browning (1812–89); Sir Henry Irving (stage name of John Henry Brodribb, 1838–1905), actor.
fn58 – Essays, no. x, ‘Of Love’, pp. 36–7; the first quotation has: ‘keepe out this weake’; the second does not have ‘leads to’.
fn59 – Ibid., no. xvii, ‘Of Superstition’, p. 69, and no. liii, ‘Of Praise’, p. 213, which should have an ellipsis after ‘Naught:’ and has: ‘Astonishment; or Admiration’.
fn60 – See the passage from Aubrey quoted in Wright’s ‘Preface’ to the Essays, p. xix: ‘Mr. Tho. Hobbes (Malmesburiensis) was beloved by his Lop. [Lordship] who was wont to have him walke with him in his delicate groves, when he did meditate: and when a notion darted into his mind, Mr. Hobbes was presently to write it downe …’ Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679), philosopher.
fn61 – Essays, no. xi, ‘Of Great Place’, p. 39, and no. xxxvii, ‘Of Masques and Triumphs,’ p. 157, which has: ‘Townesmen, that will be still sitting’; the punctuation in both passages is somewhat altered from the original. VW also quotes the first passage in ‘The Modern Essay’, CR1 and IV VW Essays. ‘Even in the green shade thought is coloured’ may be an allusion to Andrew Marvell (1621–78), ‘Thoughts in a Garden’, OBEV, no. 359, p. 392: ‘Annihilating all that’s made / To a green thought in a green shade.’
fn62 – The Diary of Lady Anne Clifford, [1603], p. 6.
fn63 – Ibid., January 1617, p. 48. I.e. ‘she told’ James I (1566–1625, reigned from 1603).
fn64 – Ibid., March 1619, p. 90, which has: ‘undiscreet’. Edmund Sheffield, 1st Earl of Mulgrave (1565–1646), married Mariana (c. 1603–c. 1676), daughter of Sir William Irwin, a Scot who had been a gentleman of the privy chamber of Prince Henry (1594–1612). Lady Anne was the only surviving child of George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland (1558–1605) and Lady Margaret (1560–1616), youngest daughter of Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford (1526/7–85); Philip Herbert, 1st Earl of Montgomery and 4th Earl of Pembroke (1584–1650), was Lady Anne’s second husband; Henry Stanley, 4th Earl of Derby (1531–93), married Margaret (1540–96), eldest daughter of Henry Clifford, 2nd Earl of Cumberland (1517–70).
fn65 – George C. Williamson, Lady Anne Clifford, Countess of Dorset, Pembroke & Montgomery. 1590–1676. Her Life, Letters and Work (Titus Wilson and Son, 1922), p. 197, which has: ‘pitable’. VW also quotes this passage in ‘Donne After Three Centuries’, CR2 and V VW Essays. Elizabeth Grey (née Lady Elizabeth Talbot), Countess of Kent (1582–1651), literary patron and supposed author.
fn66 – The Diary of Lady Anne Clifford, January 1617, p. 47. Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel, 4th Earl of Surrey and 1st Earl of Norfolk (1585–1646), married Aletheia Howard, née Talbot (d. 1654), in 1606. The Mad Lover, tragicomedy by John Fletcher (1579–1625). According to Williamson: ‘It is not easy to determine who is the person referred to as Lady Ruthven. It is almost certainly one of three daughters of William, [4th Lord Ruthven (c. 1543–84) and] first Earl of Gowrie’ (Lady Anne Clifford, p. 106, n. 42).
fn67 – See [Maurice Morgann, 1725–1802], An Essay on the Dramatic Character of Sir John Falstaff (T. Davies, 1777), p. 64: ‘there are those, who firmly believe that this wild, this uncultivated Barbarian, has not yet obtained one half of his fame’. The Woolfs owned a reprint of Morgann’s Essay …, ed. William Arthur Gill (Henry Frowde, 1912).
fn68 – Robert Burton [1577–1640], The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), ed. Rev. A. R. Shilleto (3 vols, George Bell and Sons, 1893), vol. i, pt i, sec. iii, mem. ii, subsec. iv, p. 480: ‘I am a Bachelor myself, and lead a Monastick life in a College’.
Are Too Many Books Written & Published?
fn1 – For Mr Ramsay and handmade boots, see To the Lighthouse (Hogarth Press, published on 5 May 1927), pt iii, ‘The Lighthouse’, sec. 3, pp. 237–9, 241, 280; see also pt i, ‘The Window’, sec. 17, pp. 161–2.
fn2 – The General Strike of 1926 (3–12 May) was an unsuccessful attempt to force the government to prevent the coal-mine owners from reducing miners’ wages by between 10% and 25% for longer hours of work. See Kate Flint, ‘Virginia Woolf and the General Strike’, Essays in Criticism, vol. xxxvi, no. 4 (October 1986), pp. 319–34.
fn3 – Charles Dickens (1812–70), William Makepeace Thackeray (1811–63), Charlotte Brontë (1816–55).
fn4 – See Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809–92), In Memoriam A. H. H., canto xxi, verse vi: ‘I do but sing because I must, / And pipe but as the linnets sing:’.
fn5 – The average price for a novel published by the Hogarth Press between 1924 and 1939 was 7s. 6d. Cuddy-Keane points out (PMLA, p. 244) that: ‘In striking contrast to the sum Leonard sets, the leading article in the 13 October [1927] Times Literary Supplement, in lauding “the improvement in the production of fairly cheap books,” suggests that the careful buyer could now “enjoy the possession of a great many delightful books, even if he decides as a rule to spend no more than ten or fifteen shillings on each book.” But the author [Alan Clutton-Brock], an art critic and later Slade Professor of Fine Art at Cambridge University, again diverges substantially from Leonard by focusing on the “pleasure which may be got from looking at books as well as the pleasure of reading”’.
fn6 – Edward Gibbon (1737–94), The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776–88); Oliver Goldsmith (1728?–74), The Vicar of Wakefield (1766).
fn7 – (The Hon.) Bertrand Russell reviewed The Structure of the Atom by E.N. da C. Andrada, in the N&A, 1 September 1923, pp. 696, 698; and there was an anonymous review of The A B C of Atoms by Russell, Atoms and Electrons by J. W. N. Sullivan, and The Structure of the Atom by Dr N. R. Campbell, in the N&A, 5 January 1924, p. 522. LW anonymously reviewed Some Other Bees by Herbert Mace, in the N&A, 4 July 1925, p. 438.
fn8 – Ecclesiastes 12: 12.
fn9 – King George V (1865–1936) reigned from 1910.
Miss Ormerod
fn1 – Both the Dial and the first American edition of CR1 have ‘Bos’, but this seems to be the result of confusion with Ritzema Bos: see Kenneth A. Robb, ‘Virginia Woolf’s “Miss Ormerod”’, American Notes and Queries, vol. vii, no. 5 (January 1969), p. 71.
fn2 – Neither the Dial nor the first American edition of CR1 has the dash following.
fn3 – The Dial has ‘L.L.D.’, but cf. here.
Virginia Woolf, Essays Virginia Woolf, Volume 6
