The power we hold, p.25
The Power We Hold, page 25
1. Medical University of Vienna (2024), ‘Women live significantly longer in poor health than men’: www.meduniwien.ac.at/web/en/about-us/news/2024/news-in-march-2024/women-live-significantly-longer-in-poor-health-than-men-1 [Accessed May 15, 2025]
2. Iacobucci, G. (2024), ‘“Medical misogyny” leaves many women in pain, MPs’ inquiry finds’, BMJ, 387.
3. Aristotle, translated by Peck, A.L. (1942), Generation of Animals. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp.27–8.
4. Bornes, L. et al. (2025), ‘The oestrous cycle stage affects mammary tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy’, Nature, 637(8044): 195–204.
5. Yum, S.K. et al. (2019), ‘The problem of medicating women like the men: conceptual discussion of menstrual cycle-dependent psychopharmacology’, Translational and Clinical Pharmacology, 27(4): 127–33.
6. Wang, S. et al. (2024), ‘Pan-tissue Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Sex-dimorphic Human Aging’: https://elifesciences.org/reviewed-preprints/102449? [Accessed May 15, 2025]
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8. Rodriguez-Montes, L. et al. (2023), ‘Sex-biased gene expression across mammalian organ development and evolution, Science, 382(6670).
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10. Beery, A.K. and Zucker, I. (2011), ‘Sex bias in neuroscience and biomedical research’, Neuroscience Biobehavior Review, 35(3): 565–72.
11. Phillips, G. et al. (2023), ‘Women on the frontline: exploring the gendered experience for Pacific healthcare workers’, The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific, 42: 100961.
12. The Lancet (2024), ‘Women in Science: inspiring future generations’, The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 12(3): 149.
13. Ross, M.B. et al. (2022), ‘Women are credited less in science than men’, Nature, 608: 135–45.
14. Thompson, J. (2023), ‘No one studied menstrual product absorbency realistically – until now’: www.scientificamerican.com/article/no-one-studied-menstrual-product-absorbency-realistically-until-now [Accessed May 15, 2025]
15. Vercellini, P. et al. (2013), ‘Attractiveness of women with rectovaginal endometriosis: a case-control study’, Fertility and Sterility, 99(1): 212–8.
16. Maté, G. (2019), When the Body Says No: The Cost of Hidden Stress. London: Vermilion, p.58.
17. Skinner, M.K. (2024), ‘Epigenetics biomarkers for disease susceptibility and presentative medicine’, Cell Metabolism, 36(2): 263–77.
18. Marcus, M.D. (2001), ‘Psychological correlates of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea’, Fertility and Sterility, 76(2): 310–16.
Chapter 3: Imposter Syndrome or Imposter Systems?
1. Burki, T. (2024), ‘Four industries responsible for millions of deaths each year’, The Lancet Oncology, 25(7): e285
2. Body and Soul (2024), ‘Body + Soul 2024 Sex Census’: www.bodyandsoul.com.au/topics/sex-census [Accessed May 15, 2025]
3. Faber, S. (2020), ‘The Toxic Twelve: Chemicals and Contaminants in Cosmetics’: www.ewg.org/the-toxic-twelve-chemicals-and-contaminants-in-cosmetics [Accessed May 15, 2025]
4. Bagenstose, K. (2023), ‘In our blood: how the US allowed toxic chemicals to seep into our lives’: www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/13/us-environmental-protection-agency-failed-policy-consumer-chemicals [Accessed May 15, 2025]
5. Faber, S. (2020), ‘The Toxic Twelve: Chemicals and Contaminants in Cosmetics’: www.ewg.org/the-toxic-twelve-chemicals-and-contaminants-in-cosmetics [Accessed May 15, 2025]
6. Beins, K. et al. (2025), ‘Higher hazards persist in personal care products marketed to Black women, report reveals’: www.ewg.org/research/higher-hazards-persist-personal-care-products-marketed-black-women-report-reveals [Accessed May 15, 2025]
7. Gore, A. et al. (2024), ‘Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals: Threats to Human Health’: https://ipen.org/sites/default/files/documents/edc_report-2024-final-compressed.pdf [Accessed May 15, 2025]
8. Spahr, R. (2023), ‘Emory-led research first to detect “forever chemicals” in newborns’: https://news.emory.edu/stories/2023/09/hs_PFAS_in_newborns_14-09-2023/story.html [Accessed May 15, 2025]
9. Ason, B. (2022), ‘Characterization and quantification of endocrine disruptors in female menstrual blood samples’, Toxicology Reports, 9: 1877–82.
10. Carrington, D. (2024), ‘Microplastics found in every human semen sample tested in Chinese study’: www.theguardian.com/environment/article/2024/jun/10/microplastics-found-in-every-human-semen-sample-tested-in-chinese-study [Accessed May 15, 2025]
11. Osaka, S. (2024), ‘Scientists just figured out how many chemicals enter our bodies from foodpackaging’:www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2024/09/16/more-than-3000-chemicals-food-packaging-have-infiltrated-our-bodies [Accessed May 15, 2025]
12. Yan, Y. et al. (2023), ‘The effect of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on placental development’, Frontiers in Endocrinology, 14: 1059854.
13. Kuta, S. (2025), ‘The human brain may contain as much as a spoon’s worth of microplastics’: www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/the-human-brain-may-contain-as-much-as-a-spoons-worth-of-microplastics-new-research-suggests-180985995 [Accessed May 15, 2025]
14. Baker, B.H. et al. (2024), ‘Ultra-processed and fast food consumption, exposure to phthalates during pregnancy, and socioeconomic disparities in phthalate exposures’, Environment International, 183: 108427.
15. Soliman, A. et al. (2014), ‘Nutrition and pubertal development’, Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 18(S1): S39–47.
16. Dougan, M.M. et al. (2024), ‘A prospective study of dietary patterns and the incidence of endometriosis diagnosis’, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 231(4): 443.e1–10.
17. Alomran, S. (2023), ‘Effect of dietary regimen on the development of polycystic ovary syndrome: a narrative review’, Cureus, 15(10): e47569.
18. Welch, B.M. et al. (2022), ‘Preterm birth more likely with exposure to phthalates’: www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/preterm-birth-more-likely-exposure-phthalates [Accessed May 15, 2025]
19. British Medical Journal (2018), ‘Consumption of ultra-processed foods and cancer risk: results from NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort, BMJ,360.
Chapter 4: Women as an Indicator Species
1. Pringle, D. (2022), ‘The impact of childhood maltreatment on women’s reproductive health, with a focus on symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome’, Childhood Abuse and Neglect, 133: 105831.
2. Harris, H.R. et al. (2018), ‘Early life abuse and risk of endometriosis’, Human Reproduction, 33(9): 1657–68.
3. Martins, C. et al (2024), ‘Associations between psychological distress in adolescence and menstrual symptoms across life: Longitudinal evidence from the 1970 British Cohort Study’: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38494131 [Accessed May 15, 2025]
4. Warwick Business School (2018), ‘Are women better investors than men?’: www.wbs.ac.uk/news/are-women-better-investors-than-men [Accessed May 15, 2025]
5. Newton-Small, J. (2016), ‘How More Women on Wall Street Could Have Prevented the Financial Crisis’: https://fortune.com/2016/01/05/wall-street-women-financial-crisis [Accessed May 15, 2025].
6. Weatherford, J. (2011), The Secret History of the Mongol Queens: How the Daughters of Genghis Khan Rescued His Empire. New York: Crown.
7. Glubb J.B. (1976), ‘The Fate of Empires and Search for Survival’, University of North Carolina Wilmington: https://people.uncw.edu/kozloffm/glubb.pdf [Accessed May 15, 2025]
8. Denamur, E. and Matic, I. (2006), ‘Evolution of mutation rates in bacteria’, Molecular Biology, 60(4): 820–7.
9. Moalem, S. and Prince, J. (2007), Survival of the Sickest: The Surprising Connections Between Disease and Longevity. London: HarperCollins.
10. Klein, S.L. and Flanagan, K.L. (2016), ‘Sex differences in immune responses’, Nature Reviews Immunology, 16(10): 626–38.
11. Whitacre, C.C. (2001), ‘Sex differences in autoimmune disease’, Nature Immunology, 2(9): 777–80.
12. Shigesi, N., et al. (2025), International Endometriosis Genome Consortium, ‘The phenotypic and genetic association between endometriosis and immunological diseases’, Human Reproduction, 40(6): 1195–209.
13. Hirschberg, A.L. (2020), ‘Female hyperandrogenism and elite sport’, Endocrine Connections, 9(4): R81–92.
14. Lesuis, S.L. (2025), ‘Stress disrupts engram ensembles in lateral amygdala to generalize threat memory in mice’, Cell, 199(1): 121–40.e20.
15. Symphony of Science (2009), ‘We Are All Connected’ (music video).
Chapter 5: The Biology Lesson That Women Deserve
1. University of Reading (2020), ‘Period Pain’: www.reading.ac.uk/human-resources/-/media/project/functions/human-resources/documents/factsheet-period-pain-dec2020.pdf [Accessed May 15, 2025]
2. Haakenstad, A. et al. (2022), ‘Measuring contraceptive method mix, prevalence, and demand satisfied by age and marital status in 204 countries and territories, 1970–2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019’, The Lancet, 400(10348): 295–327.
3. Palmery, M. (2013), ‘Oral contraceptives and changes in nutritional requirements’, European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 17(13): 1804–13.
4. Dolan, E.W. (2025), ‘Oxytocin influences moral emotions and decisions, study shows’: www.psypost.org/oxytocin-influences-moral-emotions-and-decisions-study-shows [Accessed May 15, 2025]
Chapter 6: A ‘Superior’ Biological Blueprint
1. Murata, E.M. (2024), ‘Circadian rhythms tied to changes in brain morphology in a densely sampled male’, Journal of Neuroscience, 44(38): e0573242024.
2. Welcome, I.E. (2009), ‘Insider: The Female Brain’: https://kellercenter.hankamer.baylor.edu/news/story/2009/insider-female-brain [Accessed May 15, 2025]
3. Harvard Health Publishing (2019), ‘Marriage and men’s health’: www.health.harvard.edu/mens-health/marriage-and-mens-health [Accessed May 15, 2025]
4. Jasienska, G. et al. (2006), ‘Daughters increase longevity of fathers, but daughters and sons equally reduce longevity of mothers’, American Journal of Human Biology, 18(3): 422–5
5. Privacy International (2019), ‘No body’s business but mine: How menstruation apps are sharing your data’: https://privacyinternational.org/long-read/3196/no-bodys-business-mine-how-menstruations-apps-are-sharing-your-data [Accessed May 15, 2025]
6. Doctrow, B. (2024), ‘Brain changes observed during pregnancy’: www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/brain-changes-observed-during-pregnancy [Accessed May 15, 2025]
7. Chen, L. et al. (2019), ‘The multi-functional roles of menstrual blood-derived stem cells in regenerative medicine’, Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 10(1).
8. Rodrigues, M.C.O. et al. (2016), ‘Menstrual blood-derived stem cells: in vitro and in vivo characterization of functional effects’, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 951: 111–21.
9. Meierhenry, J.A. et al. (2015), ‘Placenta as a Source of Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine’, Current Pathobiology Reports, 3: 9–16.
10. Mosconi, L. (2024), ‘Scans show brains’ estrogen activity changes during menopause’: https://news.weill.cornell.edu/news/2024/06/scans-show-brains-estrogen-activity-changes-during-menopause [Accessed May 15, 2025]
Chapter 7: It’s Time for Gender Equality
1. Financial Times (2023), ‘Gender gaps in economic participation and leadership’: www.ft.com/content/17606f25-1d03-4f37-b7f4-f39989af9bde [Accessed May 15, 2025]
2. World Economic Forum (2023), ‘Global Gender Gap Report 2023: Gender gaps in the workforce’:www.weforum.org/publications/global-gender-gap-report-2023/in-full/gender-gaps-in-the-workforce [Accessed May 15, 2025]
3. Gupta, A.H. (2020), ‘Women, Burdened with Unpaid Labor, Bear Brunt of Global Inequality’: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/23/us/unpaid-work-economy-davos.html [Accessed May 15, 2025]
4. Timmer, J.D. and Woo, D.S. (2023), ‘Precarious positions: glass ceilings, glass escalators, and glass cliffs in the superintendency’, Frontiers in Education, 8.
5. Kahloon, I. (2023), ‘What’s the Matter with Men?’: www.newyorker.com/magazine/2023/01/30/whats-the-matter-with-men [Accessed May 15, 2025]
6. Financial Times (2023), ‘Gender gaps in economic participation and leadership’: www.ft.com/content/17606f25-1d03-4f37-b7f4-f39989af9bde [Accessed May 15, 2025]
7. Joe Rogan Experiences #2255 – Mark Zuckerberg: www.youtube.com/watch?v=7k1ehaE0bdU [Accessed May 15, 2025]
8. Masters, R.A. ‘True masculine power happens when courage meets vulnerability’, LinkedIn, www.linkedin.com/posts/robert-augustus-masters-7726354_true-masculine-power-happens-when-courage-activity-7307512039239790592-Y94I [Accessed May 15, 2025]
9. Sabar, A. (2012), ‘Update: The Reaction to Karen King’s Gospel Discovery’: www.smithsonianmag.com/history/update-the-reaction-to-karen-kings-gospel-discovery-84250942 [Accessed July 17, 2025]
10. Watterson, M. (2019), Mary Magdalene Revealed: The First Apostle, Her Feminist Gospel and the Christianity We Haven’t Tried Yet. New York: Hay House, p.187.
Chapter 8: Introducing the Root Restoration Framework
1. Mate, G. (2022), The Myth of Normal: Trauma, Illness & Healing in a Toxic Culture. London: Vermilion, p.337.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
Chapter 9: Stress is More Than What We’ve Been Told
1. Desborough, J.P. (2000), ‘Stress and distress’, British Journal of Anaesthesia, 85(1): 109–17.
2. Selye, H. (1956), The Stress of Life. New York: McGraw–Hill.
Chapter 10: Unlocking the Secrets of the Female Nervous System
1. Wurman, R.S. (1990), Information Anxiety: What to Do When Information Doesn’t Tell You What You Need to Know. New York: Bantam Bell Publishing Group.
2. VanderPal, G. and Brazie, R. (2024), ‘What are gut feelings? Why do they matter?’: https://builtin.com/articles/gut-feelings [Accessed May 15, 2025]
3. Sexton, C. (2023), ‘Scientists reveal why you should always trust your instincts’: www.earth.com/news/trust-your-instincts [Accessed May 15, 2025]
4. Mayer, E.A. et al. (2014), ‘Gut Microbes and the Brain: Paradigm Shift in Neuroscience’, Journal of Neuroscience, 34(46): 15490–6.
5. Bear, T. et al. (2021), ‘The microbiome-gut–brain axis and resilience to developing anxiety or depression under stress’, Microorganisms, 9(4): 723.
6. Pappas, S. (2023), ‘What is vagus nerve stimulation for?’: www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-vagus-nerve-stimulation-for [Accessed May 15, 2025]
7. de Zambotti, et al. (2013), ‘Autonomic regulation across phases of the menstrual cycle and sleep stages with premenstrual syndrome and healthy controls’, Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38(11): 2618–27.
8. Carter, R. et al. (2009), ‘Menstrual cycle alters sympathetic neural responses to ortostatic stress in young, eumenorrheic women’, American Journal of Physiology – Endocrinology and Metabolism, 297(1): e85–91.
9. Prinsen, J. et al. (2025), ‘A monthly rhythm of the brain-heart connection’: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adt1243 [Accessed July 3, 2025]
10. Meng, Y. et al. (2022), ‘Menstrual attitude and social cognitive stress influence autonomic nervous system in women with premenstrual syndrome’, Stress, 25(1): 87–96.
11. Manikandan, S. et al. (2016), ‘The role of emotion regulation in the experience of menstrual symptoms and perceived control over anxiety-related events across the menstrual cycle’, Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 19(6): 1109–17.
Chapter 11: The Trauma We Don’t See
1. Novotney, A. (2023), ‘Women who experience trauma are twice as likely as men to develop PTSD. Here’s why’: www.apa.org/topics/women-girls/women-trauma?utm [Accessed May 15, 2025]
2. Downey, C. and Crummy, A. (2021), ‘The impact of childhood trauma on children’s well- being and adult behavior’, European Journal of Trauma & Disassociation, 6(1): 100237.
3. Creamer, M. et al. (2001), ‘Post-traumatic stress disorder: findings from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being’, Psychological Medicine, 31(7): 1237–47.
4. Smith, D.T. et al. (2016), ‘Reviewing the assumptions about men’s health: an exploration of the gender binary’, American Journal of Men’s Health, 12(1): 78–9.
5. Sadeh, N. et al (2011), ‘Gender differences in emotional risk for self- and other-directed violence among externalizing adults’, J Consult Clin Psychol., (1): 106–17.
6. Dashorst, P. et al. (2019), ‘Intergenerational consequences of the Holocaust on offspring mental health: a systematic review of associated factors and mechanisms’, European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 10(1): 1654065.
7. Rekor, I. (2024), ‘Neurobiological and psychological markers of reaction to extreme stress’: www.ean.org/research/resources/neurology-updates/detail/neurobiological-and-psychological-markers-of-reaction-to-extreme-stress-a-three-generation-study-of-holocaust-survivors-and-their-offspring-war-stress-in-ukrainian-refugees [Accessed May 15, 2025]
8. US Department of Veterans Affairs (2016), ‘Study finds epigenetic changes in children of Holocaust survivors’: www.research.va.gov/currents/1016-3.cfm [Accessed May 15, 2025]
9. Mohn, E. (2024), ‘Transgenerational Trauma’: www.ebsco.com/research-starters/social-sciences-and-humanities/transgenerational-trauma [Accessed May 15, 2025]
10. Gapp, K. et al. (2018), ‘Alterations in sperm long RNA contribute to the epigenetic inheritance of the effects of postnatal trauma’, Molecular Psychiatry, 25(9): 2162–74.
Chapter 12: Rewiring Our Wounds
1. Clark, C. (2024), ‘Could trauma be at the root of autoimmune disease? Dr. Sara Gottfried on the surprising connection’: https://camillestyles.com/wellness/autoimmune-disease-and-trauma/?utm [Accessed May 15, 2025]
