God guns and sedition, p.36
God, Guns, and Sedition, page 36
124. Louis Beam, “Leaderless Resistance,” Inter-Klan Newsletter and Survival Alert (c. Spring/Summer 1983, probably May), https://simson.net/ref/leaderless/1983.inter-klan_newsletter.pdf.
125. Quoted in Chip Berlet, “Leaderless Resistance Publishing History—The Amoss Version—1953 & 1962,” Chip Berlet’s Home on the Internet, https://www.chipberlet.us/leaderless-resistance-publishing-history/. For details on Amoss’s wartime exploits and postwar career, see also “Ulius L. Amoss papers, 1941–1963,” the “Summary” and “Historical Note,” http://archiveswest.orbiscascade.org/ark:/80444/xv35579; Anthony Cave Brown, Wild Bill Donovan: The Last Hero (New York: Times, 1982), 597; and Douglas Waller, Wild Bill Donovan: The Spymaster Who Created the OSS and Modern American Espionage (New York: Free Press, 2011), 154–55.
126. Beam, “Leaderless Resistance,” 12–13. See also Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 36.
127. Louis R. Beam Jr., “An Ode to Gordon Kahl,” in Inter-Klan Newsletter and Survival Alert (c. Spring/Summer 1983), 10. See also Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 121.
128. Louis Beam, “ADDRESS TO THE ARYAN NATIONS CONGRESS” (1983), 7, in Collected Materials on White Nationalism, courtesy of Dr. Emily Clark, Gonzaga University, https://researchguides.gonzaga.edu/c.php?g=1023670&p=7447531. See also Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 193; Neiwert, In God’s Country, 57.
129. Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 89.
130. Southern Poverty Law Center, “Louis Beam—In His Own Words: Speech at the 1983 Aryan World Congress,” n.d., https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/louis-beam.
131. Quoted in Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 90. See also Belew, Bring the War Home, 105; Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 193.
132. Anti-Defamation League, Computerized Networks of Hate: An ADL Fact Finding Report (New York: Anti-Defamation League of B’nai B’rith, January 1984), 1, https://archive.org/details/ComputerizedNetworksOfHate/mode/2up; Belew, Bring the War Home, 120. David Lowe, “Computerized Networks of Hate,” USA Today, July 1985, https://archive.org/details/ComputerizedNetworksOfHate/page/n11/mode/2up.
133. Belew, Bring the War Home, 105–6. See also Anti-Defamation League, Computerized Networks of Hate, 5; Chip Berlet, “When Hate Went Online,” Chip Berlet’s Home on the Internet, April 28, 2001, rev. July 4, 2008, http://www.researchforprogress.us/topic/34691/when-hate-went-online/; see also the scanned version of the original paper, http://simson.net/ref/leaderless/berlet_when_hate_went_online.pdf; Lowe, “Computerized Networks of Hate”; Stern, “The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord,” 147.
134. Yoshihito Sakurai, Atsushi Oikawa, and Norihisa Hatakeyama, “IEEE Milestone Dedication Ceremony for International Standardization of G3 Facsimile,” NTT Technical Review 10, no. 8 (2012), https://www.ntt-review.jp/archive/ntttechnical.php?contents=ntr201208in2.html.
135. The equivalent of $3,315 today. “Apple II and ///—UK pricelist from 1983,” https://jesperalsed.com/vintageapple/product/apple-ii-and-uk-pricelist-from-1983/; In2013Dollars, https://www.in2013dollars.com/us/inflation/1983?amount=12https://jesperalsed.com/vintageapple/product/apple-ii-and-uk-pricelist-from-1983/81.
136. James Grahame, “Getting Online: The Hayes Smartmodem,” Retro Thing: Vintage Gadgets & Technology, https://www.retrothing.com/2009/03/hayes-smartmodem.html.
137. “Nazi BBS a Challenge to Hackers,” 2600: The Monthly Journal of the American Hacker 2, no. 3 (March 1985): 1, http://www.vtda.org/pubs/2600/2600_2-3.pdf. See also Berlet, “When Hate Went Online,” 1, 4.
138. “Nazi BBS a Challenge to Hackers,” 1. See also Anti-Defamation League, Computerized Networks of Hate, 1; Berlet, “When Hate Went Online,” 3; Wayne King, “Link by Computer Used by Rightists,” New York Times, February 15, 1985; Lowe, “Computerized Networks of Hate.”
139. Grahame, “Getting Online.” See also N. Z. Bear, “When 300 Baud Was the Bomb,” Salon, May 31, 2002, https://www.salon.com/2002/05/31/back_in_the_day/.
140. Beam, “Leaderless Resistance.” See also Louis Beam, “LEADERLESS RESISTANCE,” The Seditionist 12 (February 1992, final ed.), http://www.louisbeam.com/leaderless.htm, for a more expansive and detailed version of this concept.
141. Louis Beam, “COMPUTER AND THE AMERICAN PATRIOT,” Inter-Klan Newsletter & Survival Alert, c. April/May 1984, https://simson.net/ref/leaderless/1984.inter-klan_newsletter.pdf.
142. Quoted in Anti-Defamation League, Computerized Networks of Hate, 2. See also Berlet, “When Hate Went Online,” 4–5; Coates, Armed and Dangerous, 206–7; Dees, Gathering Storm, 40; King, “Link by Computer Used by Rightists”; Lowe, “Computerized Networks of Hate”; Martinez, Brotherhood of Murder, 57.
143. Lowe, “Computerized Networks of Hate.”
144. Belew, Bring the War Home, 105; Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 193; Manis, The Street Agent, 282; Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 79.
145. Singular, Talked to Death, 130–32. See also Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 193.
146. “Robert Jay Mathews’ Last Letter.”
147. Lake, “Neo-Nazi Terrorism in the United States.” The same point is made in Corcoran, Bitter Harvest, 37. See also Suall and Lowe, “The Hate Movement Today,” 353.
148. Quoted in Griffin, The Fame of a Dead Man’s Deeds. See also Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 193; Martinez, Brotherhood of Murder, 40–41; Michael, Confronting Right-Wing Extremism and Terrorism in the USA, 101.
149. Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 193; Manis, The Street Agent, 279; Martinez, Brotherhood of Murder, 25–26; Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 79.
150. Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 193; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 125; Martinez, Brotherhood of Murder, 41; Singular, Talked to Death, 134–35.
151. Quoted in Manis, The Street Agent, 280. See also Belew, Bring the War Home, 114; Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 193; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 125–26.
152. Manis, The Street Agent, 281–82.
153. Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, xii–xiii, 86–87, 112, 139–40; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 119–22, 124–25.
154. Coates, Armed and Dangerous, 45.
155. Coates, Armed and Dangerous, 43–44; Corcoran, Bitter Harvest, 32; Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, xii–xiii, 58–59, 177, 214–15; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 125; Wayne King, “Right-Wing Extremists Seek to Recruit Farmers,” New York Times, September 20, 1985; Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 82. “A Letter from Richard Scutari, The Unbroken Warrior, dated 12 December 2014,” Facebook post on Richard Scutari, the Unbroken Warrior Facebook page, January 17, 2015, https://www.facebook.com/theunbrokenwarrior/posts/892506194133622:0.
156. Belew, Bring the War Home, 115; Coates, Armed and Dangerous, 43–44; Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, xiii, 184–89; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 125.
157. Belew, Bring the War Home, 115; Corcoran, Bitter Harvest, 32; Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, xii, 214–15; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 124, 133–34; Levitas, The Terrorist Next Door, 225–28; King, “Right-Wing Extremists Seek to Recruit Farmers”; Singular, Talked to Death, 177–88.
158. Anti-Defamation League, “14 Words,” https://www.adl.org/education/references/hate-symbols/14-words; Southern Poverty Law Center, “David Lane,” https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/david-lane. See also Meagan Day, “Welcome to Hayden Lake, Where White Supremacists Tried to Build Their Homeland: The Troubling Rise of the Aryan Nations Compound,” Timeline, November 4, 2016, https://timeline.com/white-supremacist-rural-paradise-fb62b74b29e0; George Michael, “David Lane and the Fourteen Words,” Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions 10, no. 1 (July 2009): 43–61.
159. Belew, Bring the War Home, 113–15; Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, xiii, 60–61; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 123; Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 82; Chad Sokol, “Gary Lee Yarbrough, Onetime Bodyguard of Aryan Nations Founder, Dies in Prison,” Spokesman-Review, April 6, 2018, https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2018/apr/06/gary-lee-yarbrough-onetime-bodyguard-of-aryan-nati/.
160. Belew, Bring the War Home, 20–32, 117, 128. See also Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 83.
161. Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 123.
162. Belew, Bring the War Home, 116; Dees, Gathering Storm, 139; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 116; Neiwert, In God’s Country, 57, 121; Levitas, The Terrorist Next Door, 336; Martinez, Brotherhood of Murder, 37; Michael, Confronting Right-Wing Extremism and Terrorism in the USA, 98, 100; Noble, Tabernacle of Hate, 155; Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 77–79, 81; Stern, “The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord,” 147; Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 20; Stock, Rural Radicals, 173–74; Wright, Patriots, Politics, and the Oklahoma City Bombing, 88.
163. Singular, Talked to Death, 134.
164. Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 294–95; Manis, The Street Agent, 299; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 129, 146.
165. Martinez, Brotherhood of Murder, 18; Coates, Armed and Dangerous, 49; Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 197, 188; Manis, The Street Agent, 286, 275–76.
166. Coates, Armed and Dangerous, 50; Dees, Gathering Storm, 142; Manis, The Street Agent, 286; Singular, Talked to Death, 135; Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 16, 53, 138.
167. Manis, The Street Agent, 281.
168. Noble, Tabernacle of Hate, 155.
169. Suall and Lowe, “The Hate Movement Today,” 354. See also Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 268–69; “Former KKK Leader Robert Miles Dead at 67,” UPI, August 18, 1992, https://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/08/18/Former-KKK-leader-Robert-Miles-dead-at-67/7854714110400/; Singular, Talked to Death, 208.
170. Anti-Defamation League, Hate Groups in America, 113.
171. Quoted in Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 90–91. See also Singular, Talked to Death, 232–33.
172. Noble, Tabernacle of Hate, 155.
173. Associated Press, “10 Members of The Order Convicted: Neo-Nazis Guilty of Racketeering, Armored-Car Robberies,” Los Angeles Times, December 31. 1985; Bennett, The Party of Fear, 349; Manis, The Street Agent, 363–67; Neiwert, In God’s Country, 59; Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 56.
174. Belew, Bring the War Home, 123–24; James Coates, “Writer’s Exposé Left Him Exposed,” Chicago Tribune, September 19, 1985, https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1985-09-19-8503030757-story.html; Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 144–45, 192–93, 195, 203–7, 221, 338–39; Dees, Gathering Storm, 144; Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 195–96; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 133–35; Martinez, Brotherhood of Murder, 92–93; Michael, Confronting Right-Wing Extremism and Terrorism in the USA, 100; Neiwert, In God’s Country, 58–59; Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 55; “Death List Names Given to U.S. Jury,” New York Times, September 17, 1985; Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 80; Singular, Talked to Death, 216–17, 224–27, 230; Wright, Patriots, Politics, and the Oklahoma City Bombing, 89.
175. Belew, Bring the War Home, 132.
176. Coates, “Writer’s Exposé Left Him Exposed”; Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 145; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 133–34, 145; Levitas, The Terrorist Next Door, 294–95.
177. Belew, Bring the War Home, 118–19; Dees, Gathering Storm, 142; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 127; Neiwert, In God’s Country, 57; Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 55.
178. Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 123–25.
179. Belew, Bring the War Home, 122; Dees, Gathering Storm, 143; Manis, The Street Agent, 295, 363–64; Stern, “The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord,” 148.
180. Belew, Bring the War Home, 126, 131–32; Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 217–18, 225–43; Manis, The Street Agent, 320–25; Singular, Talked to Death, 238–39; United Press International, “6 Gunmen Hold Up Brink’s Truck and Escape with Sacks of Loot,” New York Times, July 20, 1984.
181. Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 249; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 140; Singular, Talked to Death, 239.
182. Belew, Bring the War Home, 122, 126, 134, 143; Dees, Gathering Storm, 143; Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 53, 249, 271–72; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 139–40; Manis, The Street Agent, 249, 285–86, 298; Michael, Confronting Right-Wing Extremism and Terrorism in the USA, 100–1; MSNBC, “The Rachel Maddow Show, Transcript 8/14/17: White America Has a Chronic Nazi Problem,” http://www.msnbc.com/transcripts/rachel-maddow-show/2017-08-14; Neiwert, In God’s Country, 58; Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 80, 189n97; Singular, Talked to Death, 207–8; Southern Poverty Law Center, “Frazier Glenn Miller,” https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/individual/frazier-glenn-miller; Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 55.
183. Belew, Bring the War Home, 133–34; Dees, Gathering Storm, 143.
184. Belew, Bring the War Home, 134.
185. Belew, Bring the War Home, 126, 134, 143.
186. Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 140.
187. Belew, Bring the War Home, 122; Manis, The Street Agent, 285–86, 298; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 128–29; Michael, Confronting Right-Wing Extremism and Terrorism in the USA, 100–1; Neiwert, In God’s Country, 57; Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 55.
188. Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 261; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 131, 142–43; Manis, The Street Agent, 326; Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 80, 189n97.
189. Manis, The Street Agent, 331–32; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 145.
190. “Robert Jay Mathews’ Last Letter”; Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 197–207; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 145–48; Manis, The Street Agent, 326–37.
191. Belew, Bring the War Home, 124, 128; Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 199; Dees, Gathering Storm, 144; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 148–49; Manis, The Street Agent, 330, 345–49; Flynn and Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood, 221–24, 302, 303, 330–31, 333–47; interview with William Pierce in Michael, Confronting Right-Wing Extremism and Terrorism in the USA, 102; Neiwert, In God’s Country, 58; Singular, Talked to Death, 230–31, 242–43; Stern, A Force Upon the Plain, 55–56.
192. Belew, Bring the War Home, 128, 134; Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 199; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 149–50; Manis, The Street Agent, 342–49; Singular, Talked to Death, 282.
193. Singular, Talked to Death, 252.
194. Quoted in Singular, Talked to Death, 251–56. See also Noble, Tabernacle of Hate, 157–62; and the excerpts in Manis, The Street Agent, 349–51. See also Belew, Bring the War Home, 129; Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 200–1; Hamm, Terror as Crime, 150–51.
195. Coulson and Shannon, No Heroes, 201–7; Manis, The Street Agent, 352–61; Oliver “Buck” Revell and Dwight Williams, A G-Man’s Journal (New York: Pocket, 1998), 218. See also Belew, Bring the War Home, 128; Hamm, Terrorism as Crime, 152–53; Schlatter, Aryan Cowboys, 80.
196. Noble, Tabernacle of Hate, 162. See also Simi and Futrell, American Swastika, 27.
3. RACE WAR
1. Wayne King, “Links of Anti-Semitic Band Provoke 6-State Parley,” New York Times, December 27, 1984; Robert L. Jackson and Ronald J. Ostrow, “Law in War on Far-Right Sect: White Supremacists Tied to Western Crime Spree,” Los Angeles Times, January 21, 1985; Mary Thornton and T. R. Reid, “Aryan Group, Jail Gangs Linked: FBI Reports on White Supremacist Organization,” Washington Post, December 18, 1984.
2. U.S. District Court, Western Division of Washington at Seattle, United States of America v. Bruce Carroll Pierce, et al., No. CR85-001M, July 18, 1985.
3. Quoted in Jackson and Ostrow, “Law in War on Far-Right Sect.”
4. Sgt. Allen D. Hines, “Trooper Jimmie E. ‘Jim’ Linegar, Badge #865, EOW … April 15, 1985,” (no date), https://www.mshp.dps.missouri.gov/MSHPWeb/UltimateSacrifice/OfficerPages/documents/Linegar.pdf. See also “Slaying Suspect Tate Seized in Missouri Hills,” Los Angeles Times, April 21, 1995; Kathleen Belew, Bring the War Home: The White Power Movement and Paramilitary America (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2018), 131–32; James Coates, Armed and Dangerous: The Rise of the Survivalist Right (New York: Hill & Wang, 1987), 140–41; James Coates, “Neo-Nazis Indicted in Bizarre Crime Spree,” Chicago Tribune, April 16, 1985; Kevin Flynn and Gary Gerhardt, The Silent Brotherhood: Inside America’s Racist Underground (New York: Free Press, 1989), 286, 398; Mark S. Hamm, Terrorism as Crime: From Oklahoma City to Al-Qaeda and Beyond (New York: New York University Press, 2007), 109; Jessica Stern, “The Covenant, the Sword, and the Arm of the Lord” (1985), in Toxic Terror: Assessing Terrorist Use of Chemical and Biological Weapons, ed. J. B. Tucker (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000), 149–50; and United Press International, “Neo-Nazi David Tate, who is serving a life prison …,” March 3, 1986, https://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/03/03/Neo-Nazi-David-Tate-who-is-serving-a-life-prison/2514510210000/.
