God guns and sedition, p.50
God, Guns, and Sedition, page 50
33. Ron Chernow, Grant (New York: Penguin, 2017), xxi, 708, 786.
34. National Strategy for Counterterrorism of the United States of America (Washington, DC: The White House, October 2018), 9, https://www.dni.gov/files/NCTC/documents/news_documents/NSCT.pdf.
35. U.S. Department of State, “Designation of the Russian Imperial Movement: Remarks by Nathan A. Sales, Coordinator for Counterterrorism,” April 6, 2020, https://2017-2021.state.gov/designation-of-the-russian-imperial-movement/index.html.
36. Aamer Madhani, “Treasury to Designate Wagner Transnational Criminal Group,” Associated Press, January 20, 2023, https://apnews.com/article/united-states-government-russia-b4a22b4e4ecc7c2b588e5719c05ba871.
37. Daniel De Simone, Andrei Soshnikov, and Ali Winston, “Neo-Nazi Rinaldo Nazzaro Running US Militant Group the Base from Russia,” BBC, January 24, 2020, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-51236915.
38. Emily Cochrane and Zolan Kanno-Youngs, “Biden Signs Gun Bill Into Law, Ending Years of Stalemate,” New York Times, June 25, 2022.
39. See, for instance, “Racialists Begin Discussing Homemade Weaponry,” SITE Intelligence Group, April 7, 2015, https://ent.siteintelgroup.com/Far-Right-/-Far-Left-Threat/racialists-begin-discussing-homemade-weaponry.html.
40. Paul Sonne and Missy Ryan, “As He Tackles Extremism, Lloyd Austin Draws on Military’s Experience Dealing with 1995 Racially Motivated Murders,” Washington Post, January 31, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/as-he-tackles-extremism-lloyd-austin-draws-on-militarys-experience-dealing-with-1995-racially-motivated-murders/2021/01/30/64c450ee-5c0d-11eb-aaad-93988621dd28_story.html.
41. Sergio Olmos, “ ‘The Timothy McVeighs Are Still There’: Fears Over Extremism in US Military,” Guardian, January 10, 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/jan/10/us-military-rightwing-extremism-american-democracy; Helene Cooper, “Pentagon Updates Its Rules on Extremism in the Military,” New York Times, December 20, 2021, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/20/us/politics/pentagon-military-extremism-rules.html.
42. Chris Buckley, Myrieme Churchill, and Jacob Ware, “Fighting Demons, Healing Hatred, Restoring Hope: How to Defeat Extremism in the US Military,” Air Force Times, November 28, 2020, https://www.airforcetimes.com/opinion/commentary/2020/11/28/fighting-demons-healing-hatred-restoring-hope-how-to-defeat-extremism-in-the-us-military/.
43. Bart Jansen, “ ‘Elephant in the Room’: Police Grapple with Charges Against Officers in Jan. 6 Capitol Attack,” USA Today, May 3, 2022. See also Eric Westervelt, “Off-Duty Police Officers Investigated, Charged with Participating in Capitol Riot,” National Public Radio: Criminal Justice Collaborative, January 15, 2021, https://www.npr.org/2021/01/15/956896923/police-officers-across-nation-face-federal-charges-for-involvement-in-capitol-ri.
44. Anti-Defamation League, The Oath Keepers Data Leak: Unmasking Extremism in Public Life, September 6, 2022, https://www.adl.org/resources/report/oath-keepers-data-leak-unmasking-extremism-public-life.
45. Southern Poverty Law Center, Oath Keepers, https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/extremist-files/group/oath-keepers; Griffin Connolly and Richard Hall, “America’s Largest Militia Says It Will Refuse to Recognize Biden as President and ‘Resist’ His Administration,” Independent (London), November 15, 2020.
46. Beatrice Jin, “Biden Signed a New Hate Crimes Law—but There’s a Big Flaw,” Politico, May 20, 2021, https://www.politico.com/interactives/2021/state-hate-crime-laws/.
47. Movement Advancement Project, Policy Spotlight: Hate Crimes Law (Boulder, CO: July 2021), 24–28, https://www.lgbtmap.org/file/2021-report-hate-crime-laws.pdf.
48. Jacob Ware, “The Violent Far-Right Terrorist Threat to American Law Enforcement,” CFR.org, January 24, 2023, https://www.cfr.org/blog/violent-far-right-terrorist-threat-american-law-enforcement.
49. James Mason, Siege, rev. 1, June 2, 2015 (ironmarch.org), 317.
50. “Arno Michaelis on Rejecting His Racist Past, and the Role of Unconditional Forgiveness in Creating a Life After Hate,” Forgiveness Project, December 22, 2021, https://www.theforgivenessproject.com/arno-michaelis-on-rejecting-his-racist-past-and-the-role-of-unconditional-forgiveness-in-creating-a-life-after-hate/.
51. Simi and Futrell, American Swastika.
52. Picciolini, White American Youth, 41. See also Jonathan Pieslak, Radicalism and Music: An Introduction to the Music Cultures of al-Qa’ida, Racist Skinheads, Christian-Affiliated Radicals, and Eco-Animal Rights Militants (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2015), 45–109.
53. Picciolini, White American Youth, 233–34.
54. Alessandro Orsini, Sacrifice: My Life in a Fascist Militia (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2017), 156.
55. Andrew Berwick, “2083: A European Declaration of Independence,” 2011, 1339–40.
56. See, for example, “Public-Private Partnerships for Local P/CVE Position Paper,” Strong Cities Network, https://strongcitiesnetwork.org/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2019/03/WG3_position_paper_final.pdf.
57. “Why Countering Violent Extremism Programs Are Bad Policy,” Brennan Center for Justice, September 9, 2019, https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/why-countering-violent-extremism-programs-are-bad-policy.
58. P. W. Singer and Michael McConnell, “Want to Stop the Next Crisis? Teaching Cyber Citizenship Must Become a National Priority,” Time, January 21, 2021, https://time.com/5932134/cyber-citizenship-national-priority/.
59. National Security Council, National Strategy for Countering Domestic Terrorism (Washington, DC: The White House, June 2021), https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/National-Strategy-for-Countering-Domestic-Terrorism.pdf.
60. U.S. Department of Homeland Security Center for Prevention Programs and Partnerships, “Media Literacy & Critical Thinking Online,” https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/digital_media_literacy_0.pdf; Tina Smith for U.S. Senator for Minnesota, “Klobuchar, Bennet, Slotkin Introduce Bicameral Legislation to Strengthen Media Literacy Education and Improve Personal Cybersecurity,” July 8, 2022, https://www.smith.senate.gov/klobuchar-bennet-slotkin-introduce-bicameral-legislation-to-strengthen-media-literacy-education-and-improve-personal-cybersecurity/.
61. “Illinois Now Requires Media Literacy Instruction in Its High School Curriculum,” WGLT, September 14, 2022, https://www.wglt.org/2022-09-14/illinois-now-requires-media-literacy-instruction-in-its-high-school-curriculum.
62. Jenny Gross, “How Finland Is Teaching a Generation to Spot Misinformation,” New York Times, January 10, 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/10/world/europe/finland-misinformation-classes.html; “RESIST 2: Counter-Disinformation Toolkit,” Government Communication Service, 2021, https://gcs.civilservice.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/RESIST-2-counter-disinformation-toolkit.pdf.
63. David Pitt, “One Iowa Man in Capitol Riot Released, Other Remains in Jail,” U.S. News & World Report, January 19, 2021, https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/iowa/articles/2021-01-19/one-iowa-man-in-capitol-riot-released-other-remains-in-jail.
64. Pitt, “One Iowa Man in Capitol Riot Released, Other Remains in Jail.”
65. Jesselyn Cook, “ ‘I Miss My Mom’: Children of QAnon Believers Are Desperately Trying to Deradicalize Their Own Parents,” Huffington Post, February 11, 2021, https://www.huffpost.com/entry/children-of-qanon-believers_n_601078e9c5b6c5586aa49077.
66. Andrea Prado Tuma and Alice Huguet, Engaging Youth with Public Policy: Middle School Lessons to Counter Truth Decay (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, TLA387–1, 2022), 17–24, https://www.rand.org/pubs/tools/TLA387-1.html#overcoming-covid19-what-scientists-know-and-what-policy-can-tell-us; Doug Irving, “Lesson Plans for Middle School Teachers to Help Improve Media Literacy Among Students,” RAND Review, September–October 2022, 16–18, https://www.rand.org/pubs/corporate_pubs/CPA682-13.html.
67. See Mark E. Dornauer and Robert Bryce, “Too Many Rural Americans Are Living in the Digital Dark. The Problem Demands a New Deal Solution,” Health Affairs, October 28, 2020, https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/forefront.20201026.515764/; Emily A. Vogels, “Some Digital Divides Persist Between Rural, Urban and Suburban America,” Pew Research Center, August 19, 2021, https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/08/19/some-digital-divides-persist-between-rural-urban-and-suburban-america/; Nicol Turner Lee, James Seddon, Brooke Tanner, and Samantha Lai, “Why the Federal Government Needs to Step Up Efforts to Close the Rural Broadband Divide,” Brookings, October 4, 2022, https://www.brookings.edu/research/why-the-federal-government-needs-to-step-up-their-efforts-to-close-the-rural-broadband-divide/.
68. Federal Communications Commission, Report, December 26, 2018, 184, https://docs.fcc.gove/public/attachments/FCC-18-181A1.pdf.
69. Dornauer and Bryce, “Too Many Rural Americans Are Living in the Digital Dark.”
70. See Lee et al., “Why the Federal Government Needs to Step Up Efforts to Close the Rural Broadband Divide”; White House, “Fact Sheet: The Bipartisan Infrastructure Deal,” Briefing Room: Statements and Releases, November 6, 2021, https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/11/06/fact-sheet-the-bipartisan-infrastructure-deal/.
71. Dornauer and Bryce, “Too Many Rural Americans Are Living in the Digital Dark.”
72. See, for example, William A. Galston, “ ‘This Is How It Feels to Be Sold Out by Your Country’: Economic Hardship and Politics in Indiana,” Brookings, May 18, 2016, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2016/05/18/this-is-how-it-feels-to-be-sold-out-by-your-country-economic-hardship-and-politics-in-indiana/; “Victor Davis Hanson: Democrats ‘Live Apartheid, Segregated Existences,’ ” Fox News, July 26, 2022, https://www.foxnews.com/video/6310049745112.
73. See, for example, Martha Crenshaw, “The Logic of Terrorism: Terrorist Behavior as a Product of Strategic Choice,” in Origins of Terrorism, ed. Walter Reich (Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1998), 7–24.
74. Chris Cillizza, “Newt Gingrich Thinks Members of the January 6 Committee Should Be Threatened with Jail Time,” CNN, January 24, 2022, https://www.cnn.com/2022/01/24/politics/newt-gingrich-jail-time/index.html.
75. “President Reagan’s Optimism, Courage, and Humility Remembered on 30th Anniversary of Assassination Attempt,” Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation, March 28, 2011, https://www.reaganfoundation.org/media/50862/assassination-press-release.pdf.
76. “Ko tō tātou kāinga tēnei.”
77. Bryan Greene, “Created 150 Years Ago, the Justice Department’s First Mission Was to Protect Black Rights,” Smithsonian Magazine, July 1, 2020, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/created-150-years-ago-justice-departments-first-mission-was-protect-black-rights-180975232/.
78. T. K. Wilson, Killing Strangers: How Political Violence Became Modern (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020), 107.
79. Crenshaw, “The Logic of Terrorism,” 7–24.
80. Hoffman, Inside Terrorism, 22–23.
81. Laqueur and Wall, The Future of Terrorism, 238.
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