Delphi complete works of.., p.464
Delphi Complete Works of Procopius, page 464
Now the Romans were distressed no less than the Goths, because they had been carrying on such a long siege in a deserted land, and they were completely baffled at seeing the barbarians refusing to give in to them although involved in so much suffering. In view of this situation Belisarius was eager to capture alive one of the men of note among the enemy, in order that he might learn what the reason might be why the barbarians were holding out in their desperate situation. And Valerian promised readily to perform such a service for him. For there were some men in his command, he said, from the nation of the Sclaveni, who are accustomed to conceal themselves behind a small rock or any bush which may happen to be near and pounce upon an enemy. In fact, they are constantly practising this in their native haunts along the river Ister, both on the Romans and on the barbarians as well. Belisarius was pleased by this suggestion and bade him see that the thing was done with all speed. So Valerian chose out one of the Sclaveni who was well suited as to size of body and especially active, and commanded him to bring a man of the enemy, assuring him that he would receive a generous reward from Belisarius. And he added that he could do this easily in the place where the grass was, because for a long time past the Goths had been feeding upon this grass, since their provisions were exhausted. So this barbarian at early dawn went close to the fortifications, and hiding himself in a bush and drawing his body into small compass, he remained in concealment near the grass. And at daybreak a Goth came there and began hastily to gather the blades of grass, suspecting no harm from the bush, but looking about frequently toward the enemy’s camp, lest anyone should attack him from there. Then the barbarian, falling unexpectedly upon the Goth from behind, made him captive, holding him tightly about the waist with both hands, and thus carried him to the camp and handed him over to Valerian. And when he questioned the prisoner, asking what basis of confidence and what assurance the Goths could possibly have that they were absolutely unwilling to yield to the Romans, but were voluntarily enduring the most dreadful suffering, the Goth told Valerian the whole truth concerning Burcentius, and when he was brought before him he proved his guilt. As for Burcentius, when he perceived that he had been already found out, he concealed nothing of what he had done. Wherefore Belisarius handed him over to his comrades to do with him as they wished, and they not long afterwards burned him alive, the enemy looking on as they did so. Thus did Burcentius profit by his love for money.
Βελισάριος δὲ οὐδέν τι ἧσσον ἀντέχοντας τῇ ταλαιπωρίᾳ τοὺς βαρβάρους ὁρῶν ἐς τοῦ ὕδατος καθίστασθαι τὴν ἐπιβουλὴν διενοεῖτο, ταύτῃ ῥᾷόν τε καὶ εὐπορώτερον αἱρήσειν τοὺς πολεμίους οἰόμενος. [2] καί, ἦν γάρ τις κρήνη Αὐξίμου πρὸς βορρᾶν ἄνεμον ἐν χώρῳ κρημνώδει, τοῦ περιβόλον ἀπέχουσα ὅσον λίθου βολήν, κατὰ βραχὺ μάλιστα τὸν ῥοῦν ἀφιεῖσα ἔς τινα δεξαμενὴν αὐτόθι ἐκ παλαιοῦ οὖσαν, ἥ τε δεξαμενὴ πλήρης γεγενημένη ἐκ ταύτης δὴ τῆς ὀλίγης ἐπιρροῆς παρείχετο πόνῳ οὐδενὶ τοῖς ἐν Αὐξίμῳ ὑδρεύεσθαι, ἔννοιά τις Βελισαρίῳ ἐγένετο ὡς, ἢν μὴ τὸ ὕδωρ ἐνταῦθα ξυσταίη, οὐ μή ποτε οἷοί τε ὦσιν οἱ βάρβαροι πρὸς τῶν πολεμίων βαλλόμενοι ἐν χρόνῳ πολλῷ ἀπὸ τῆς ἐπιρροῆς τοὺς ἀμφορέας ἐμπλήσασθαι. [3] διαφθεῖραι γοῦν ἐθέλων τὴν δεξαμενὴν ἐπενόει τάδε. ἐξοπλίσας τὸ στράτευμα ὅλον, κύκλῳ τε αὐτὸ ἀμφὶ τὸν περίβολον ὡς ἐς μάχην ταξάμενος, δόκησιν τοῖς ἐναντίοις παρείχετο ὡς τῷ τειχίσματι προσβαλεῖν αὐτίκα δὴ μάλα πανταχόθεν μέλλοι. [4] διὸ δὴ κατωρρωδηκότες τὴν ἔφοδον οἱ Γότθοι ἐν ταῖς ἐπάλξεσιν ἡσυχῆ ἔμενον, ὡς ἐνθένδε ἀμυνούμενοι τοὺς πολεμίους. [5] ἐν τούτῳ δὲ Βελισάριος Ἰσαύρους πέντε τοὺς ἐς τὰς οἰκοδομίας ἐμπείρους ξύν τε πελέκεσι καὶ ἄλλοις ὀργάνοις ἐς λίθων ἐκτομὰς ἐπιτηδείοις ἐς τὴν δεξαμενὴν ἀσπίδων πλήθει κρυπτομένους ἐσήγαγε, διαφθεῖραί τε καὶ διελεῖν τοὺς τοίχους πάσῃ δυνάμει κατὰ τάχος ἐκέλευεν. [6] οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι τέως μὲν τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐπὶ τὸ τεῖχος ὑπώπτευον ἰέναι, ἡσυχίαν ἦγον, ὅπως ἂν ὡς ἀγχοτάτω γενομένους εὐπετῶς βάλλοιεν, ἐν νῷ τὸ ποιούμενον ἥκιστα ἔχοντες: ἐπεὶ δὲ τοὺς Ἰσαύρους ἐντὸς γενομένους τῆς δεξαμενῆς εἶδον, λίθους τε καὶ τοξεύματα πάντα ἐπ̓ αὐτοὺς ἔβαλλον. [7] τότε δὴ οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι Ῥωμαῖοι ἅπαντες ὑπεχώρουν δρόμῳ, μόνοι δὲ οἱ πέντε Ἴσαυροι, ἐπεὶ ἐγένοντο ἐν τῷ ἀσφαλεῖ, ἔργου εἴχοντο: κύρτωμα γάρ τι ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὕδατος σκιᾶς ἕνεκα τοῖς πάλαι ἀνθρώποις τῇδε πεποίηται. [8] οὗ δὴ ἐντὸς γεγενημένοι ὡς ἥκιστα τῶν πολεμίων, καίπερ συχνὰ βαλλόντων, ἐφρόντιζον. [9] Διὸ δὴ οἱ Γότθοι ἐντὸς τοῦ περιβόλου μένειν οὐκέτι ἠνείχοντο, ἀλλὰ ἀνοίξαντες τὴν ταύτῃ πυλίδα ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἰσαύρους ἅπαντες θυμῷ τε πολλῷ καὶ θορύβῳ ἐχόμενοι ᾔεσαν. [10] καὶ οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι Βελισαρίου σφίσιν ἐγκελευομένου σπουδῇ πολλῇ ὑπηντίαζον. γίνεται μὲν οὖν μάχη καρτερὰ ἐν χρόνῳ πολλῷ ὠθισμὸν ἔχουσα καὶ φόνος ἑκατέρων πολύς. [11] Ῥωμαίων δὲ μᾶλλον συχνοὶ ἔπιπτον. ἅτε γὰρ οἱ βάρβαροι ὕπερθεν ἀμυνόμενοι ὀλίγοι τε πολλοὺς ἐβιάζοντο καὶ τῷ ὠθισμῷ περιγενόμενοι πλείους ἔκτεινον ἢ αὐτοὶ ἔθνησκον. [12] ἐνδιδόναι μέντοι Ῥωμαῖοι οὐδαμῆ ἤθελον, παρόντα τε καὶ κραυγῇ ἐγκελευόμενον Βελισάριον αἰσχυνόμενοι. [13] τότε δὴ καὶ βέλος τι ἐπὶ τοῦ στρατηγοῦ τὴν γαστέρα ᾔει ξὺν ῥοίζῳ πολλῷ, πρός του τῶν ἐναντίων, εἴτε τύχῃ τινὶ εἴτε προνοίᾳ ἐνταῦθα βληθέν. [14] ὅπερ Βελισάριος μὲν ὡς ἥκιστα εἶδεν. οὐ γὰρ οὖν οὔτε φυλάσσεσθαι οὔτε πη ἐκτρέπεσθαι ἴσχυσε. δορυφόρος δέ τις Οὐνίγαστος ὄνομα παῤ αὐτὸν ἑστηκὼς κατενόησέ τε οὐκ ἄποθεν ὂν τῆς Βελισαρίου γαστρός, καὶ χεῖρα τὴν δεξιὰν προβαλλόμενος ἔσωσε μὲν τὸν στρατηγὸν ἐκ τοῦ παραδόξου, αὐτὸς δὲ πληγεὶς τῷ τοξεύματι εὐθὺς μὲν περιώδυνος γεγονὼς ἀνεχώρησε. [15] μετὰ δὲ τῶν νεύρων οἱ ἀποκοπέντων οὐκέτι τὴν χεῖρα ἐνεργεῖν ἴσχυσεν. ἥ τε μάχη πρωὶ ἀρξαμένη ἐς μέσην ἡμέραν ἀφίκετο. [16] Καὶ τῶν Ἀρμενίων ἄνδρες ἑπτὰ ὑπό τε Ναρσῇ καὶ Ἀρατίῳ τασσόμενοι ἔργα ἐπεδείξαντο ἀρετῆς ἄξια, ἔς τε τὴν δυσχωρίαν, ἣ μάλιστα ἀνάντης ἦν, ὥσπερ ἐν τῷ ὁμαλεῖ περιθέοντες καὶ κτείνοντες τῶν πολεμίων τοὺς ἀεὶ σφίσιν ἀντιστατοῦντας, ἕως διωσάμενοι τοὺς ἐκείνῃ βαρβάρους ἐτρέψαντο. [17] οἵ τε ἄλλοι Ῥωμαῖοι ἐνδιδόντας ὁρῶντες ἤδη τοὺς πολεμίους ἐδίωκον καὶ ἡ τροπὴ λαμπρὰ ἐγεγόνει, οἵ τε βάρβαροι αὖθις ἐντὸς τοῦ περιβόλου ἐγένοντο. [18] Ῥωμαῖοι μὲν οὖν τήν τε δεξαμενὴν διεφθάρθαι καὶ τοῖς Ἰσαύροις ἅπαν ἐπιτετελέσθαι τὸ ἔργον ᾤοντο, οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ ὅσον χάλικα ἐνθένδε ἀφελέσθαι παντελὲς ἴσχυσαν. [19] οἱ γὰρ πάλαι τεχνῖται, ἀρετῆς ἐς τὰ ἔργα ἐπιμελούμενοι μάλιστα, οὕτω δὴ καὶ ταύτην τὴν οἰκοδομίαν εἰργάσαντο, ὥστε μήτε χρόνῳ μήτε ἀνθρώπων ἐπιβουλῇ εἴκειν. [20] ἄπρακτοι γοῦν οἱ Ἴσαυροι, ἐπειδὴ Ῥωμαίους τοῦ χῶρου κρατήσαντας εἶδον, ἐκ τῆς δεξαμενῆς ἀπαλλαγέντες ἐς τὸ στρατόπεδον ἀπεχώρησαν. [21] διὸ δὴ Βελισάριος τῶν τε ζῴων τὰ νεκρὰ καὶ βοτάνας ἐς ἀνθρώπου φθορὰν ἱκανῶς πεφυκυίας ῥίπτειν ἐν τῷ ὕδατι τοὺς στρατιώτας ἐκέλευε καὶ λίθον κατακεκαυμένην ἐνδελεχέστατα ῾ἣν πάλαι μὲν τίτανον, τανῦν δὲ ἄσβεστον καλεῖν νενομίκασιν̓ ἐμβαλόντας ἐνταῦθα σβεννύειν. [22] καὶ οἱ μὲν κατὰ ταῦτα ἐποίουν, οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι φρέατι ἐντὸς τοῦ περιβόλου ὕδωρ τι βραχὺ ὡς μάλιστα ἔχοντι ἐν τούτῳ δὴ τῷ χρόνῳ ἐλασσόνως ἢ κατὰ τὴν χρείαν ἐχρῶντο. [23] καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν Βελισάριος οὔτε βίᾳ τὸ χωρίον ἑλεῖν οὔτε τινὰ ἐπιβουλὴν ἐπιδείξασθαι ὕδατος πέρι ἢ ἄλλου ὁτουοῦν ἐν σπουδῇ ἐποιεῖτο, μόνῳ τῷ λιμῷ περιέσεσθαι τῶν πολεμίων ἐλπίδα ἔχων. [24] καὶ ἀπ̓ αὐτοῦ τῆς φυλακῆς ἰσχυρότατα ἐπεμελεῖτο. οἵ τε Γότθοι καραδοκοῦντες ἔτι τὸν ἐκ Ῥαβέννης στρατὸν ἐν πολλῇ ἀπορίᾳ τῶν ἀναγκαίων ἡσύχαζον. [25] Ἤδη δὲ οἱ ἐν Φισούλῃ πολιορκούμενοι ὡς μάλιστα τῷ λιμῷ ἐπιέζοντο, φέρειν τε τὸ κακὸν οὐχ οἷοί τε ὄντες, ἀπειπόντες δὲ καὶ πρὸς τὴν ἐκ Ῥαβέννης ἐλπίδα, τοῖς ἐναντίοις προσχωρεῖν ἔγνωσαν. [26] Κυπριανῷ τοίνυν καὶ Ἰουστίνῳ ἐς λόγους ἐλθόντες, τά τε πιστὰ ὑπὲρ τῶν σωμάτων λαβόντες, σφᾶς τε αὐτοὺς καὶ τὸ φρούριον ὁμολογίᾳ παρέδοσαν. καὶ αὐτοὺς οἱ ἀμφὶ Κυπριανὸν ξὺν τῷ Ῥωμαίων στρατῷ ἐπαγόμενοι, φρουράν τε αὐτάρκη ἐν Φισούλῃ καταστησάμενοι, ἐς Αὔξιμον ἦλθον. [27] Βελισάριος δὲ αὐτῶν τοὺς ἡγουμένους τοῖς ἐν Αὐξίμῳ βαρβάροις ἀεὶ ἐνδεικνύμενος ἐκέλευε τῆς ἀπονοίας μεθίεσθαι, τὴν ἐκ Ῥαβέννης ἀποσεισαμένοις ἐλπίδα: ὄνησις γάρ τις οὐ μή ποτε οὐδὲ αὐτοῖς ἔσται, ἀλλ̓ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον τῇ ταλαιπωρίᾳ κεκακωμένοι οὐδὲν ἧσσον ἐς ταὐτὸν τύχης τοῖς ἐν Φισούλῃ ἀφίξονται. [28] οἱ δὲ πολλὰ ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς λογισάμενοι, ἐπειδὴ τῷ λιμῷ οὐκέτι ἀντεῖχον, τούς τε λόγους ἐνεδέχοντο καὶ παραδοῦναι τὴν πόλιν ἠξίουν, ἐφ̓ ᾧ αὐτοὶ ἀπαθεῖς κακῶν ξὺν τοῖς χρήμασιν ἐπὶ Ῥαβέννης πορεύσονται. [29] διὸ δὴ Βελισάριος τοῖς παροῦσι διηπορεῖτο, πολεμίους μὲν τοιούτους τε τὴν ἀρετὴν καὶ τοσούτους τὸ πλῆθος τοῖς ἐν Ῥαβέννῃ ἀναμίγνυσθαι ἀξύμφορον εἶναι οἰόμενος, τοῦ δὲ καιροῦ ὑστερῆσαι ὡς ἥκιστα ἤθελεν, ἀλλ̓ ἐπὶ Ῥάβεννάν τε καὶ Οὐίττιγιν, ᾐωρημένων ἔτι τῶν πραγμάτων, ἰέναι. [30] Φράγγοι γὰρ αὐτὸν ξυνετάρασσον, Γότθοις ἐς ἐπικουρίαν ἀφίξεσθαι αὐτίκα δὴ μάλα ἐπίδοξοι ὄντες. ὧν δὴ προτερῆσαι τὴν παρουσίαν ἐν σπουδῇ ἔχων διαλύειν τὴν προσεδρείαν μήπω Αὐξίμου ἁλούσης οὐχ οἷός τε ἦν. [31] οἵ τε στρατιῶται οὐκ εἴων συγχωρεῖν τοῖς βαρβάροις τὰ χρήματα, τραύματα μὲν πολλὰ ἐνδεικνύμενοι ὧνπερ ἐνταῦθα πρὸς αὐτῶν ἔτυχον, πόνους δὲ πάντας ἀπαριθμοῦντες τοὺς ἐν ταύτῃ σφίσι τῇ πολιορκίᾳ ξυμπεπτωκότας, ὧν δὴ ἆθλα εἶναι τῶν ἡσσημένων τὰ λάφυρα ἰσχυρίζοντο. [32] τέλος δὲ οἵ τε Ῥωμαῖοι καιροῦ ὀξύτητι ἀναγκασθέντες, καὶ Γότθοι τῷ λιμῷ βιαζόμενοι ξυνίασιν ἀλλήλοις, ἐφ̓ ᾧ τῶν μὲν χρημάτων τὰ ἡμίσεια Ῥωμαῖοι ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς διανέμωνται, τὰ δὲ λειπόμενα Γότθοι ἔχοντες βασιλέως κατήκοοι ὦσιν. [33] ἑκάτεροι τοίνυν ὑπὲρ τούτων τὰ πιστὰ ἔδοσαν, Ῥωμαίων μὲν οἱ ἄρχοντες τὰ ξυγκείμενα κύρια εἶναι, Γότθοι δὲ τῶν χρημάτων οὐδ̓ ὁτιοῦν ἀποκρύψασθαι. [34] οὕτω τε δὴ τὰ χρήματα πάντα ἐνείμαντο καὶ Ῥωμαῖοι μὲν Αὔξιμον ἔσχον, οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι τῷ βασιλέως στρατεύματι ἀνεμίγνυντο.
XXVII
BUT when Belisarius saw that the barbarians continued none the less to hold out in their suffering, he was minded to carry out his plot against their water-supply, thinking that in this way he would accomplish the capture of his enemy with greater ease and facility. Now there was a spring on a steep slope to the north of Auximus, about a stone’s throw distant from the circuit-wall, which discharged its water in a very small stream into a cistern which had been there from of old; and when the cistern became full from this small inflow, it was a matter of no difficulty for the inhabitants of Auximus to draw the water. This situation suggested to Belisarius that, if the water should not be collected there, the barbarians would never be able to till their jars from the spring’s flow, because they would be exposed to the missiles of their enemy for a long time. Wishing, therefore, to destroy the cistern, he devised the following plan. He armed his whole force and drew it up in a circle about the circuit-wall as if for battle, giving his opponents the impression that he was about to make an attack upon their defences from all sides without the least delay. The Goths, consequently, fearing the attack, remained quietly at the battlements, with the intention of warding off their enemy from that position. But Belisarius meanwhile chose out five Isaurians who were skilled in masonry and conducted them to the cistern with mattocks and other implements suitable for cutting stone, concealing them as they went under a great number of shields; then he commanded them to put forth all their strength to break up and tear down the walls of the cistern as quickly as possible. As for the barbarians, as long as they suspected that these men were coming against the wall, they remained quiet, in order that they might come as close as possible and thus form an easy mark for their missiles, never once thinking what their real object was; but when they saw that the Isaurians had got inside the cistern, they began to hurl stones and discharge all kinds of missiles at them. Then indeed all the other Romans retired on the run, but the five Isaurians alone, who had now reached safety, began their work; for a sort of vault had been built over the cistern by the men of old in order to shade the water. So when they had got under this vault, they paid not the least heed to the enemy, although they were discharging missiles with great frequency.
